Mutants of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 exhibiting resistance to 2-bromobutyrate or rifampin were isolated after nitrosoguanidine treatment. Mutants were screened for solvent production by using an automated alcohol test system. Isolates were analyzed for levels of butanol, ethanol, acetone, butyrate, acetate, and acetoin in stationary-phase batch cultures. The specific activities of NAD...

This study was carried out to determine the effects of subchronic thinner inhalation on oxidant− antioxidant balance,the relation between toxicity and oxidative stress, a possible protective effect α-lipoic acid against toxicationin rats. Sprague−Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups as follows: control (Gr. I), safranal II), III), andthinner+safranal Gr. IV). Each group consisted 10 rats, las...

Introduction: The fate of xenobiotics that is present, increasing day by day. The increasing fates altered or inhibit the metabolic activities like detoxification and biotransformation. Methods: The present study highlights this slow biotransformation and detoxification on the basis of specific enzymes which have a say in assessment of mercuric chloride toxicity and modulation by Panax ginse...

background:  in this survey we studied the  incidence and clinical  p resentations of  galactosemia in fars province, in south  w est of iran .  galactosemia is a rare genetic metabolic disorder  of galactose.   its  metabolism can be  performed  through 3 pathways.  although  enzymes  deficiency of each of them  can lead to galactose accumulation in plasma, the term galactosemia  is specifical...

In order to clarify the expression of cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase in human esophagus, 41 samples of human esophagus with squamous-cell carcinoma were investigated by immunoblot analysis and enzyme assays. Cytochrome P450 1A2/1 was clearly expressed in microsomes, and the amount in samples with tumorous tissue was significantly greater than that in samples without tumourous tis...

Rate-zonal centrifugation of pea (Pisum sativum var. Alaska) stem microsomal membranes on a linear Renografln gradient separated Golgi secretory vesicles from dictyosomes. Secretory vesicles possessed high levels of xyloglucan fucosyl transferase activity, which effects the final decoration of stem xyloglucan side-chains, but lacked substantial xyloglucan xylosyl transferase activity, which is ...

Thirteen forms of glutathione S-transferase were isolated from human liver in high yields by glutathione-affinity chromatography and chromatofocusing. Apparent isoelectric points ranged from 4.9 to 8.9 and included neutral forms. All 13 forms appeared to be identical immunochemically in a quantitative enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. These forms were immunochemically distinct from the major ac...

The sequence and exon-intron structure of the human class mu GSTM3 glutathione transferase gene and its orientation with respect to the remainder of the human class mu GSTM gene cluster were determined. The GSTM3 gene is 2847 bp long and is thus considerably shorter than the other class mu genes in the cluster, which range in size from 5325 to 7212 bp. Outside the protein-coding region, the GST...

An imbalance between phase I drug metabolizing enzymes and phase II detoxification enzymes may contribute to the development of pre-eclampsia. Polymorphic variants in the phase I enzyme, cytochrome P450 genes may lead to increased toxification, whereas polymorphisms in the phase II enzyme, glutathione S-transferase genes may result in impaired detoxification. Most abundant in placenta and decid...

We present a case of acute hepatitis caused by dengue virus, with a significant increase in aspartate transferase and alanine transferase levels in a chronic hepatitis patient attended at the Cane Sugar Planters Hospital of Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ.