Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) has been implicated in mediating smooth muscle cell (SMC) growth after vascular injury. Studies examining TGF-beta-induced growth of cultured SMC have identified only modest mitogenic effects which are largely dependent on autocrine production of platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA). Recent studies have suggested, however, that TGF-beta also...

Carrageenans, a family of polysulphated carbohydrates, inhibited binding of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). iota-Carrageenan was the most potent bFGF antagonist (IC50 = 0.4 +/- 0.1 microgram/ml), kappa-carrageenan was the most potent PDGF antagonist (IC50 = 1.7 +/- 1.3 micrograms/ml) and lambda-carr...

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is a potent and selective growth inhibitor of early hematopoietic progenitors and leukemic cells. The cellular mechanism(s) underlying this antiproliferative effect is, however, currently unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that TGF-beta inhibits the expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin 3 (IL-3)...

The three mammalian isoforms of transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-beta1, beta2, beta3) are potent regulators of cell growth, differentiation, and extracellular matrix deposition. To study their role in skin differentiation, we investigated the expression of TGF-beta isoforms on cell growth and differentiation induction of the human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT by elevating the Ca(2+) concent...

background: growth factors play a major part in wound healing in many tissues including the periodontium. transforming growth factor-β1 (tgf-β1) is one of these factors present in the gingival crevicular fluid. in addition, it is considered as one of the most important anti-inflammatory cytokines. interleukin-1β is a proinflammatory cytokine that presents itself in gingival inflammation and the...

TGF-β pathway is being extensively evaluated as a potential therapeutic target. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway has the dual role in both tumor suppression and tumor promotion. To design cancer therapeutics successfully, it is important to understand TGF-β related functional contexts. This review discusses the molecular mechanism of the TGF-β pathway and describes the...

background: regulatory t cells have been suggested to have a protective role against acute rejection in allograft recipients. however, there is little information available about their contribution to chronic rejection process. the role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (tgf- β1) as a profibrogenic and/or immunoregulatory cytokine in renal allografts is also controversial. objectives: to eva...

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is an ubiquitous cytokine that affects various biological processes, such as regulation of cell proliferation, immune responses, growth, differentiation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis of various cell types. The TGF-beta ligand initiates signaling by binding to and joining type I and II receptors of serine/threonine kinases. This review discusses the TGF-...

Transforming growth factor (TGF) β is known to have properties of both a tumour suppressor and a tumour promoter. While it inhibits cell proliferation, it also increases cell motility and decreases cell-cell adhesion. Coupling mathematical modeling and experiments, we investigate the growth and motility of oncogene-expressing human mammary epithelial cells under exposure to TGF–β. We use a vers...

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta), a two-subunit Mr 25,000 polypeptide, inhibits growth of several epithelial human cancer cell lines and has been proposed as an autocrine growth inhibitor. TGF beta activity has been found in conditioned media from some breast cancer cell lines, and TGF beta mRNA has been detected in breast cancer cell lines and human breast cancer specimens. In the pr...