This article describes and evaluates various information retrieval models used to search document collections written in English through submitting queries written in various other languages, either members of the IndoEuropean family (English, French, German, and Spanish) or radically different language groups such as Chinese. This evaluation method involves searching a rather large number of t...

The effect of mistranslations on the verbal behaviour of users of speech-to-speech translation is investigated through a question answering experiment in which users were presented with machine translated questions through synthesized speech. Results show that people are likely to align their verbal behaviour to the output of a system that combines machine translation, speech recognition and sp...

By definition, pseudogenes are relics of former genes that no longer possess biological functions. Operationally, they are identified based on disruptions of open reading frames (ORFs) or presumed losses of promoter activities. Intriguingly, a recent human proteomic study reported peptides encoded by 107 pseudogenes. These peptides may play currently unrecognized physiological roles. Alternativ...

Detecting plagiarism and similarity between documents written in the same language can be done with high precision with today’s top search systems; there are both free e.g. Plagiarisma (2012), Copyscape (2012) and commercial ones available to use e.g. PlagAware (2012), turnitin (2012). With the spread of foreign language knowledge and the growing number of international students, a new form of ...

We study the basic properties of an equally weighted index of U.S. commodities futures from the perspective of a Japanese investor. We find that the returns on the U.S. equally-weighted commodity futures index maintain their basic properties documented in Gorton and Rousenhorst (2005), when translated into Yen. In particular, looking at returns on Japanese stocks and bonds, the commodity future...

this study is the result of an attempt to investigate the differences between the persian translated drama text (page) of each english drama text with its performance on the stage (stage) in iran. in other words, the present researchers tried to find the implemented changes in page which make it real on the stage in the target language and culture in order to show that in drama translating and ...

The Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire (BAPQ) which is a reliable, efficient and easy to administer instrument is used to assess the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP). In order to understand cross cultural perspectives using this instrument, a key process is translation of the instrument. The process of translation is often overlooked and hence the quality of the translated instrument may suffer. ...

BACKGROUND The effect of poor psychosocial work conditions on health status has widely been discussed in occupational literature. Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) is a widely accepted instrument for evaluation of psychosocial work conditions. OBJECTIVE To determine the reliability and validity of Persian version of JCQ. METHODS The questionnaire was translated into Persian and back translate...

We study the notion of conservative translation between logics introduced by Feitosa and D’Ottaviano [7]. We show that classical propositional logic (CPC) is universal in the sense that every finitary consequence relation over a countable set of formulas can be conservatively translated into CPC. The translation is computable if the consequence relation is decidable. More generally, we show tha...

The Development of intelligence in children (the Binet-Simon Scale). By Alfred Binet, Sc.D., and Th. Simon, M.D. Translated by Elizabeth S. Kite. Vineland, N. J.: The Training School, May, 1916. Pp. 337. The Intelligence of the feebleminded. By Alfred Binet, Sc.D., and Th. Simon, M.D. Translated by Elizabeth S. Kite. Vineland, N. J.: The Training School, June, 1916. Pp. 328. Illus. Miss Kite ha...