We examine the sensitivity of the biogeography of nitrogen fixers to a warming climate and increased aeolian iron deposition in the context of a global earth system model. We employ concepts from the resource-ratio theory to provide a simplifying and transparent interpretation of the results. First we demonstrate that a set of clearly defined, easily diagnosed provinces are consistent with the ...

We study, both theoretically and experimentally, the features on current-voltage characteristic of a highly transparent Josephson junction caused by transition superconducting leads to normal state. These appear due suppression Andreev excess current. show that tracing dependence voltage, at which occurs, bath temperature analyzing current bias voltage one can recover heat flow out junction. ve...

Difficulty understanding how a black box model makes predictions undermines machine learning's success in financial markets. We show to employ model-agnostic methods carry out learning stock market that are more transparent human investor. create long-short investment strategies using tree-based fundamental analysis. apply the models Brazilian market, achieving an out-of-sample expected annual ...