The focus of this article is the early recognition and emergent treatment of severe or catastrophic traumatic brain injury. The pathophysiology and management of mild traumatic brain injury are reviewed extensively in other sections. Classification of head injuries can be based on anatomic location (epidural, subdural, intraparenchymal), mechanism of injury (coup, contrecoup, linear, rotational...

'Traumatic Epilepsy after Closed Head Injury. Gilbert P nstration of-82BR in Nerve Cells. Sven-Olof Brattgirdat -Frontal Lobe Wounds Causing Disinhibition. A Study of Six Cases. Hugh F. Jarvie 14 AHistological and Chemical Study of Three Cases of Diffuse Cerebral Sc(erosis. W. Blackwood and J. N. Cumings .. .. .. .. .. .. 33 oPst-encephalitic Parkinsonism with Amyotrophy. J. G. Greenfield and W...

Background and Aim: Traumatic subdural hygroma is the accumulation of CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) in subdural space following head trauma. The mass effect of hygroma on brain can impinge on consciousness. There are still many ambiguities on indications of hygroma surgery. This is an 11-year follow-up study which involves the patients suffering traumatic subdural hygroma who underwent surgery. Met...

The objective of this study was to characterize the risk of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) in living humans based on a large set of head impact data taken from American football players at the collegiate level. Real-time head accelerations were recorded from helmet-mounted accelerometers designed to stay in contact with the player's head. Over 27,000 head impacts were recorded, including fo...

Head injury is a common presenting complaint amongst emergency department patients. To date, there has been no widespread utilization of neuro-biomarkers to aid the diagnosis of traumatic brain injury. This review article explores which neuro-biomarkers could be used in the emergency department in aiding the clinical diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury. Based on the available evidence, the...

Introduction Current numerical head models that are used to predict traumatic brain injury resulting from accidents have no detailed geometry of the cerebrum (Figure 1). Therefore, these head models have no direct link to tissue-based injury criteria. To investigate the influences of the heterogeneities of the cerebral cortex, a model has been developed with a detailed geometry of a small secti...

Posterior fracture-dislocations often remain undiagnosed at initial medical attendance. In dislocation, the head of humerus extends beyond glenoid to form a zone impaction, which “fixes” it. The injury is almost unidentifiable in standard frontal X-ray images. Meanwhile, continued fixation state posterior dislocation leads rapid progression traumatic impaction over up 50% articular surface area...

OBJECTIVE To report the clinical and radiological characteristics, management and outcomes of traumatic ascending aorta and aortic arch injuries. METHODS Historic cohort multicentre study including 17 major trauma patients with traumatic aortic injury from January 2000 to January 2011. RESULTS The most common mechanism of blunt trauma was motor-vehicle crash (47%) followed by motorcycle cra...

The authors histopathologically surveyed 12 autopsy cases with fatal head traumata, especially regarding neural tissue injuries at the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles, compared with 32 control cases with no head traumata. Traumatic injuries, including axonal injuries as well as hemorrhages, tearing of white matter and neurofilamentcontaining hypertrophic astrocytes were observed in the...

Proptosis due to carotid cavernous fistula is rare sequelae of head injury. We report a case of post-traumatic, direct high flow carotid cavernous fistula that resolved spontaneously 06 weeks after carotid angiography. It however, resulted in loss of vision due to delay in early treatment. In the cases of post-traumatic proptosis, carotid cavernous fistula should be kept in mind.