OBJECTIVE Mild traumatic brain injury is a major public health issue and is a particular concern in sports. One of the most difficult issues with respect to mild traumatic brain injury involves the diagnosis of the disorder. Typically, diagnosis is made by a constellation of physical exam findings. However, in order to best manage mild traumatic brain injury, it is critically important to devel...

OBJECTIVE We undertook a best-evidence synthesis on the incidence, risk factors and prevention of mild traumatic brain injury. METHODS Medline, Cinahl, PsycINFO and Embase were searched for relevant articles. After screening 38,806 abstracts, we critically reviewed 169 studies on incidence, risk and prevention, and accepted 121 (72%). RESULTS The accepted articles show that 70-90% of all tr...

Patients with traumatic brain injury show clear impairments in behavioural flexibility and inhibition that often persist beyond the time of injury, affecting independent living and psychosocial functioning. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown that patients with traumatic brain injury typically show increased and more broadly dispersed frontal and parietal activity during pe...

OBJECTIVE Patients who had suffered traumatic brain injury were evaluated to determine the occurrence of psychiatric disorders during a 30-year follow-up. METHOD Sixty patients were assessed on average 30 years after traumatic brain injury. DSM-IV axis I disorders were diagnosed on a clinical basis with the aid of the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (version 2.1), and axi...

Accumulating evidences had shown that traumatic brain injury was associated with visual impairment or vision loss. However, there were a limited number of empirical studies regarding the longitudinal relationship between traumatic brain injury and incident optic neuropathy. We studied a cohort from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance data comprising 553918 participants with traumatic brain ...

Controversy continues as to whether traumatic brain injury is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. The authors examined a related hypothesis that among persons with traumatic brain injury who develop Alzheimer's disease, time to onset of the disease is reduced. They used data on all documented episodes of traumatic brain injury that occurred from 1935 to 1984 among Olmsted County, Minnesota, ...

although the majority of the patients with traumatic brain injury presents with injuries involving the extremities, there was a clear paucity of adequate experimental polytrauma models. to close this gap, we conducted several studies to establish two different polytrauma mice models including both closed and open traumatic brain injury. male c57bl mices with a mean weight of 23g were anesthetiz...

The role of phospholipase C-coupled (group I) metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1 and mGluR5) in post-traumatic neuronal injury was examined using rat in vivo and in vitro models. Traumatic injury to mixed neuronal/glial cultures induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis and caused neuronal death. Pharmacological blockade of group I receptors significantly reduced these effects in vitro and decr...

The Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury (DCoE) and the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC) hosted a consensus conference to address persistent cognitive impairments following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and the role of cognitive rehabilitation in this population. Fifty military and civilian subject matter experts developed clinic...

post-traumatic epileptic seizure is a common complication of brain trauma including military injuries. we present clinical characteristics and correlates of post-traumatic epilepsy in 163 head-injured veterans suffering from intractable epilepsy due to blunt or penetrating head injuries sustained during the iraq-iran war. the medical records of 163 war veterans who were admitted by the epilepsy...