Treatment for patients with clinical stage T1-T2a, Gleason score 2-6, PSA < 10 ng/mL, with a life expectancy < 10y, includes active surveillance Treatment for patients with a life expectancy ≥10y includes active surveillance OR Radical prostatectomy (RP) with or without pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) if predicted probability of lymph node metastases ≥2%; RP is the standard therapy for loca...

The authors describe the long-term survival of a patient with pancreatic cancer without any toxic adverse effects. The treatment regimen includes the intravenous alpha-lipoic acid and low-dose naltrexone (ALA-N) protocol and a healthy lifestyle program. The patient was told by a reputable university oncology center in October 2002 that there was little hope for his survival. Today, January 2006...

OBJECTIVES Although there is general agreement that surgery is the best treatment for chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH), the extent of the surgical intervention is not well defined. METHODS The less invasive surgical technique of bedside percutaneous subdural tapping and spontaneous haematoma efflux after twist drill craniostomy under local anaesthesia was prospectively analysed in 118 adult ...

Traditionally, patients with rifampicin-resistant (RR) or multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are treated with a combination of second-line drugs, usually for 18 months or more [1]. Recently, World Health Organization (WHO) recommended a shorter and cheaper treatment regimen for MDR-TB [2]. Standardized shorter MDR-TB regimen consists of seven drugs and a treatment duration of 9-12 month...

BACKGROUND This paper discusses the treatment protocol for patients with frostbite. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of a series of 17 patients with second- and higher-degree frostbite who had been treated at our medical institution between 2010 and 2012. RESULTS Our clinical series of patients (n=17) included 13 men and four women, whose mean age was 42.4±11.6 years (range, 22...

Patellar tendinopathy is very common in patients complaining of anterior knee pain. Its aetiology is still unclear, but neovascularisation seems to play a role. Different treatments have been proposed overtime, from rehabilitation to platelet-rich-plasma injections, but there is no agreement on the best treatment protocol. The final stage of patellar tendinopathy is patellar tendon rupture. In ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of pulsed high-dose corticosteroids combined with orally administered low-dose methotrexate therapy in patients with severe localized scleroderma (LS). DESIGN A prospective, nonrandomized, open pilot study. SETTING Dermatology department at a university hospital in Bochum, Germany. Patients Fifteen patients with histologically confirmed severe LS. Interven...

Intensive chemotherapy regimens for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have greatly improved, and the majority of children with precursor B-cell ALL are able to achieve a complete remission (CR), with an induction rate approaching 98% and a 5-year estimated event-free survival rate (EFS) of approximately 80%. Although there have been dramatic improvements over the last several dec...

Smuggling drugs by swallowing or inserting into a body cavity is not only a serious and growing international crime, but can also lead to lethal medical complications. The most common cause of death in 'body packers', people transporting drugs by ingesting a packet into the gastrointestinal tract, is acute drug toxicity from a ruptured packet. However, more than 30 years after the initial repor...

The etiology of Parkinsonism may be multifactorial. Exposure to certain toxins (for example manganese dust, carbon disulfide) and severe carbon monoxide poisoning may play a role. It is also seen in people who took MPTP recreationally — which converts to a neurotoxin in the body. Other drugs and medication can cause a reversible form of this disease. Postencephalitic parkinsonism is becoming mo...