Expansion of myeloid-lineage leukocytes in tumor-bearing mice has been proposed as a cause of systemic immunosuppression. We demonstrate that radiation therapy of tumors leads to a decline in myeloid cell numbers in the blood and a decrease in spleen size. The frequency of myeloid cells does not decline to the level seen in tumor-free mice: we demonstrate that metastatic disease can prevent mye...

During pharmaceutical trials, clinical, laboratory and imaging methods are frequently used as surrogate endpoints that serve as early indicators of clinical endpoints and to reliably predict clinical outcomes. In cancer patients, objective tumor burden evaluation is commonly accomplished by radiological methods. Radiological monitoring of tumor burden is accurate, easily reproducible and provid...

BACKGROUND The recently proposed nomogram of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) lacks predictive accuracy for patients with stage D hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tumor burden is crucial in prognostic prediction but is not included in the criteria of stage D HCC. This study aims to develop a nomogram with tumor burden as the core element for BCLC stage D patients. METHODS A total of 386 pa...

Follicular lymphoma (FL), the most common indolent type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, presents with a highly variable clinical course and affects the overall survival (OS) of patients. Although observation has been adopted widely by clinicians in the management of patients with FL, the benefits of early treatment must be reviewed in light of the significant progress made in the treatment of sympto...

PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between serum level of YKL-40 and Gleason score, grade and stage of the disease, and for the first time, with tumor burden in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum levels of YKL-40 and prostate-specific antigen were measured in 34 men (mean age: 66 years) with newly diagnosed and untreated PCa, in 34 men (mean age: 65 years) w...

Mutations in DNA repair genes lead to increased genomic instability and mutation frequency. These mutations represent potential biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy efficacy, as high tumor mutational burden has been associated with increased neo-antigens and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. While mismatch repair mutations have successfully predicted response to anti-PD-1 therapy in colorectal and...

Angiosarcomas are malignant vascular tumors that account for 2% of all soft-tissue sarcomas. Due to the rarity angiosarcomas, prognostic factors seldom reported. Here, we investigated plasma fibrinogen levels as a factor angiosarcoma head and neck (ASHN). This retrospective study reviewed cohort patients histologically diagnosed with ASHN at Nagoya University Hospital between April 2006 July 20...

High blood tumor mutational burden (bTMB) was significantly associated with progression-free survival (PFS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving atezolizumab. However, it failed to predict overall (OS). We hypothesized that ctDNA mass-adjusted bTMB (abTMB) might benefits NSCLC immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment.

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been shown to induce a specific immunologic response (i.e., activation of IL-2 and effector T-cells), while preclinical studies using ALT-803 (mutated IL-15 analogue combined with IL-15Rα-Fc fusion) have shown promising results by prolonging the agent's half-life and stimulating CD8+ T-cells. Based on these results, we hypothesized that the intrav...