BACKGROUND The immune responses to bacterial products through the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) play a pivotal role in pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. A recent study described an association between CD and some gene coding for bacterial receptor like NOD2/CARD15 gene and TLR4. In this study, we sought to determine whether TLR4 gene was associated with Crohn's disease (CD) among the Tunisi...

BACKGROUND The early years in children's life are the key to physical, cognitive-language, and, socio-emotional skills development. So, it is of paramount importance in this period to be interested in different indicators that would influence the child's health. METHODS This paper measures inequality of opportunities among Tunisian children concerning access to nutritional and healthy service...

Animal welfare considerations are becoming increasingly important for farming of animals, both in Tunisia and internationally. Practices which may have once been deemed acceptable are now being reassessed in the light of new knowledge and changing attitudes. And a clearly defined concept of welfare is needed for use in precise scientific measurements. If animal welfare is to be compared in diff...

this paper seeks to answer the question whether the constitutional revolution of 1905-1911 in iran was a democratic revolution or social revolution? this discussion has been explained from the view point of the political sociology, relying on the moore's theory. studies indicate that the constitutional revolution in all periods has had the features of democratic revolution for the followin...

Entrepreneurship is a highly complex process influenced by numerous factors. The goal of this paper to identify the combinations fundamental entrepreneurial determinants that drive opportunity recognition (OR) in different economic environments. We focus on two points Tunisia’s recent cycle: before and after 2011 Revolution. Using micro-level survey data, study employs ordered logit analysis ba...

Reply : We think that the Tunisian case is also interesting for a broad audience. Tunisia has made important progress over the last decade toward establishing a sound bank intermediation, deepening its financial market, mobilizing domestic financing, and using indirect market-based monetary policy instruments. Monetary policy is useful to obtain a stable macroeconomic environment in favor of a ...

Special class of surfaces, two-axial surfaces of revolution created by the Euclidean metric transformation of a simultaneous revolution about two different axes, is presented in the paper. Three specific subclasses of surfaces are classified with respect to the superposition of the two axes 1o, 2o of revolution. There are defined several types of two-axial surfaces of revolution specifying the ...

Tunisia's GDP contracted by -8.8 percent in 2020, the worst performance since gaining independence 1956. The poverty rate Tunisia could reach at least 20.9, same level recorded 2010, and as high 25 according to various estimates (Kokas et al., 2020); while inequality an unprecedented Gini of 0.41. While has faced difficult political, economic social challenges—in addition global COVID-19 pandem...