Nowadays, the youth has been recognized as a distinct stage of human development. Along with all the problems that youth faced, the challenges of young people in some flood-prone communities have also appeared as a vital focus of research and policy efforts in the past decades, specifically after climate change has become a threat to the health and life of humanity, both now and in the future. ...

An increasing set of evidence has been reported on how consumers could potentially react to the introduction of genetically modified food. Studies typically contain some empirical evidence and some theoretical explanations of the data, however, to date limited effort has been posed on systematically reviewing the existing evidence and its implications for policy. This paper contributes to the l...

rubella a benign viral and modestly contagious illness in children, becomes a very dangerous story when acquired by pregnant women. the potential of its teratogenicity is obvious. since prevention is preferred to treatment, diagnosis of rubella infection syndrome being difficult in early stages of pregnancy, the uncertainly about fetuses being really infected and therapeutic abortion because of...

Numerous colleges and universities have imposed COVID-19 vaccination mandates upon their students. Most of these been accompanied by the purported recognition medical religious exemptions. With regard to exemptions, some are unjustly discriminatory. notably, they give preference students who members organized religions over not. And even facially neutral exemptions can be administered in an dis...

Select an appropriate project is a main key for contractors to increase their profits. In practice, in this area the uncertainty and imprecise of the involved parameters is so high. Therefore, considering fuzzy sets theory to deal with uncertainly is more appreciate. The aim of this paper is present a multi-criteria group decision-making model under an intuitionistic fuzzy set environment. Henc...

The proliferation of cellular and ad hoc networks and the penetration of Internet services are changing many aspects of ubiquitous mobile computing. Constantly increasing mobile client populations utilize diverse mobile devices to access the wireless medium and various heterogeneous applications (e.g., streaming video, Web) are being developed to satisfy the eager client requirements. The reali...

The expansion of land used for crop production causes variable direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions, and other economic, social and environmental effects. We analyse the use of life cycle analysis (LCA) for estimating the carbon intensity of biofuel production from indirect land-use change (ILUC). Two approaches are critiqued: direct, attributional life cycle analysis and consequential ...

Morphogen concentration gradients provide positional information by activating target genes in a concentration-dependent manner. Recent reports show that the gradient of the syncytial morphogen Bicoid seems to provide precise positional information to determine target gene domains. For secreted morphogenetic ligands, the precision of the gradients, the signal transduction and the reliability of...

Distributed systems generally require their component parts to interact cooperatively, in order for the system as a whole to function effectively. For any given activity, there are typically several alternative components that have the required capabilities. In decentralised systems, where there is no overarching control, individual components are responsible for selecting other components with...

Perfect knowledge of the underlying state transition probabilities is necessary for designing an optimal intervention strategy for a given Markovian genetic regulatory network. However, in many practical situations, the complex nature of the network and/or identification costs limit the availability of such perfect knowledge. To address this difficulty, we propose to take a Bayesian approach an...