We review the synchrotron type radiation sources with focus on undulator and freeelectron laser (FEL) schemes, aimed on working in X-ray range and ultra-short time interval. Main FEL schemes, useful for generation of high frequency radiation, extending to X-rays, are presented. High harmonic generation is explored. The advantages and disadvantages of single pass and of multipass designs are dis...

ANDREI V. KOROL†,¶,‖ ∗ , ANDREY V. SOLOV’YOV‡,¶,§ †, and WALTER GREINER¶ † Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State Maritime Technical University, Leninskii prospect 101, St. Petersburg 198262, Russia ‡ A.F.Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of Russia, Polytechnicheskaya 26, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia ¶ Institut für Theoretische Physik der Johann Wolfgang Goethe...

Free-electron lasers are radiation sources, based on the coherent emission of synchrotron radiation of relativistic electrons within an undulator or wiggler. The resonant radiation wavelength depends on the electron beam energy and can be tuned over the entire spectrum from micrometer to X-ray radiation. The emission level of free-electron lasers is several orders of magnitude larger than the e...

This paper reviews the brightness and coherence properties of radiation from storage rings and free electron lasers (FELs). Starting from the statistical optics and using mutual coherence function of the radiation field, we define the transverse and temporal coherence and modes. Spectral brightness can be represented in radiation phase-space via the Wigner function which is the Fourier transfor...

Experimental facilities for picosecond X-ray spectroscopy and scattering based on RF deflection of stored electron beams face a series of optical design challenges. Beamlines designed around such a source enable time-resolved diffraction, spectroscopy and imaging studies in chemical, condensed matter and nanoscale materials science using few-picosecond-duration pulses possessing the stability, ...

High-gain free-electron lasers, conceived in the 1980s, are nowadays only bright sources of coherent X-ray radiation available. In this article, we review theory developed by R. Bonifacio and coworkers, who have been some first scientists envisaging its operation as a single-pass amplifier starting from incoherent undulator radiation, so called self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) regime....

Abstract Within the FLASH2020+ program, DESY is aiming to significantly improve flexibility and availability of its pioneering FEL FLASH for users. Increasing electron beam energy 1.35GeV will make wavelengths available up oxygen K-edge on fundamental harmonic. Exchanging current fixed gap undulators in FLASH1 branch variable devices allow fully independent operation both branches future. The 1...

Laser wakefield accelerators have great potential as the basis for next generation compact radiation sources because of their extremely high accelerating gradients. However, X-ray radiation from such devices still lacks tunability, especially of the intensity and polarization distributions. Here we propose a tunable polarized radiation source based on a helical plasma undulator in a plasma chan...