In ad hoc networks, a communication link between two mobile nodes is not always bidirectional, i.e. unidirectional, since the different characters of networks and nodes. This paper studies unidirectional links which are general and universal in ad hoc networks and proposes a routing protocol LSARP (link-state advertisement based source routing protocol). LSARP can support unidirectional links t...

With the increasing requirements of automotive lightweighting, metal/CFRP laminates are increasingly used. In this paper, Al/CFRP were prepared using an integrated hot press curing method, and optimum conditions determined single-lap shear test at 130 °C for 45 min. The effects fiber lay-up, forming speed, metal layer thickness on bending springback investigated V-shaped Abaqus finite element a...

Based on the microscopic structure of fiber-reinforced composite materials, a finite element analysis model was developed using LS-DYNA software to simulate damage carbon-ceramic brake discs under high-speed foreign particles impact conditions. The incorporated Chang-Chang failure criterion intra-layer and introduced material stiffness reduction scheme investigate process mechanism discs. resul...

Experiments with wireless sensor networks have shown that unidirectional communication links are quite common. What is even more, they have also shown that the range of a unidirectional link can exceed that of a bidirectional one by far. Still, most of todays routing protocols do not use them, they only eliminate their implications. Those protocols that do use unidirectional links introduce a l...

We show theoretically that photonic crystals consisting of colloidal spheres exhibit unidirectional wave propagation and one-way frequency band gaps without breaking time-reversal symmetry via, e.g., the application of an external magnetic field or the use of nonlinear materials. Namely, photonic crystals with low symmetry such as the monoclinic crystal type considered here as well as with unit...

Parity-time (PT) symmetric structures present the unidirectional invisibility at the spontaneous PT-symmetry breaking point. In this paper, we propose a PT-symmetric circuit consisting of a resistor and a microwave tunnel diode (TD) which represent the attenuation and amplification, respectively. Based on the scattering matrix method, the circuit can exhibit an ideal unidirectional performance ...

Online-Recognition requires the acoustic model to provide posterior probabilities after a limited time delay given the online input audio data. This necessitates unidirectional modeling and the standard solution is to use unidirectional long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks (RNN) or feedforward neural networks (FFNN). It is known that bidirectional LSTMs are more powerful and ...

Unidirectional links can occur in wireless networks and mixed-media networks. However, the vast majority of routing algorithms proposed to date require bidirectional links to operate. We present an efficient link-state routing algorithm, which we call ULPC, that operates with unidirectional links. ULPC is based on the concept of “inclusive cycle” of a link, which is the distance that link-state...

A xed-length binary code is called t{unidirectional error detecting if no codeword can be transformed into another codeword by at most t unidirectional errors. In this paper we consider the problem of mapping information sequences of length k into code-words of a t{unidirectional error detecting code of length k + p. In case of systematic codes we show that the parameters p and t must satisfy t...

Rates of liquid secretion and absorption across the bronchopulmonary airways are important for regulating airway surface liquid volume and maintaining mucociliary transport. The current study demonstrates the feasibility of measuring not just net liquid movements but unidirectional liquid movements across isolated intact bronchi from swine. Airways were liquid filled to assess both net liquid m...