Nonmotor symptoms occur commonly in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and are frequently under-recognized and undertreated. Symptoms include sleep abnormalities, fatigue, autonomic disturbances, mood disorders and cognitive dysfunction. Early recognition and treatment of nonmotor symptoms in PD is critical to providing optimal management. A new screening questionnaire and the revised Unified PD...

The objective of this clinical study is to examine the effects of a Chinese herbal medicine formula (Jia Wei Liu Jun Zi Tang: JWLJZT) on motor and non-motor symptoms, and on complications of conventional therapy in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), using an add-on design. Fifty-five patients with PD were randomly allocated to receive either Chinese herbal medicine or placebo for 24 weeks. Pr...

The present study had three objectives: (a) to characterize the functional capacity of patients with PD, (b) to assess the relationship between the physical fitness components of functional capacity with clinical characteristics and disease severity, and (c) to compare the physical fitness components of functional capacity with clinical characteristics according to disease severity. The study i...

The present single center, double-blind, delayed start study was conducted to examine possible symptomatic and disease-modifying effects of GM1 ganglioside in Parkinson's disease (PD). Seventy-seven subjects with PD were randomly assigned to receive GM1 for 120 weeks (early-start group) or placebo for 24 weeks followed by GM1 for 96 weeks (delayed-start group). Washout evaluations occurred at 1...

We assessed degree of Parkinson disease motor symptom improvement with medication among subjects enrolled in an ongoing, population-based study in Central California. The motor section of the unified Parkinson disease rating scale (UPDRS) was performed on subjects in both OFF and ON medication states, and difference between these scores was used as an indicator of symptomatic benefit. Higher OF...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the predictors of suicidal ideation and attempts among Turkish Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study comprised 120 patients with PD. Clinical findings were obtained by using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Disease severity was measured by the Hoehn and Yahr staging scale, and the Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living ...

BACKGROUND Parkinsonianlike signs are common in older persons, but little is known about how their severity or rate of progression is related to the development of Alzheimer disease (AD) or decline in cognition. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of progression of parkinsonianlike signs with incident AD and cognitive decline. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Fo...

Objective. To investigate possible neurobehavioral changes secondary to a mindfulness based intervention (MBI) training for individuals living with Parkinson's disease (PD). Background. In the context of complementary medicine, MBIs are increasingly being used for stress reduction and in patient populations coping with chronic illness. The use of alternative and complementary medicine may be hi...

INTRODUCTION α-Synuclein (α-syn) is a key protein in Parkinson's disease (PD), and one of its phosphorylated forms, pS129, is higher in PD patients than healthy controls. However, few studies have examined its levels in longitudinally collected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or in preclinical cases. In this study, CSF and clinical data were contributed by >300 subjects from three cohorts (the longit...