‎the purpose of this paper is to offer the equitable method for ranking decision making units(dmus) based on the dynamic data envelopment analysis (ddea) concept, where quasi-fixed inputs or intermediate products are the source of inter-temporal dependence between consecutive periods. in fact, this paper originally makes the use of an approach extending the ranking of dmus in dea by khodabakhsh...

UNLABELLED This study teased apart the effects of comprehensibility and complexity on older adults' comprehension of warning symbols by manipulating the relevance of additional information in further refining the meaning of the symbol. Symbols were systematically altered such that increased visual complexity (in the form of contextual cues) resulted in increased comprehensibility. One hundred o...

During everyday communication co-speech gestures represent a ubiquitous tool to underpin the verbal content of a message. In addition to gestures, other non-verbal information, such as the direction in which a speaker’s body is oriented, is particularly important during face-to-face interaction. However, the influence of bodily orientation (frontal vs. lateral) and gestures on the evaluation of...

Speech production assessment in disordered speech relies on tests such as intelligibility and/or comprehensibility tests. These tests are subjective and time-consuming for both the patients and the practitioners. In this paper, we report on the use of automatically-derived pronunciation scores to predict comprehensibility ratings, on a pilot development corpus comprised of 120 utterances record...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that in semi-spontaneous speech, individuals with Broca's and anomic aphasia produce relatively many direct speech constructions. It has been claimed that in 'healthy' communication direct speech constructions contribute to the liveliness, and indirectly to the comprehensibility, of speech. AIMS To examine the effects of the occurrence of direct speech c...