Overtubes are short sleeves designed to fit over the shaft of fibrescopes. Several home made overtubes have been described. We have reviewed design principles and many potential applications, which are not widely appreciated.

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is often accompanied by tachycardia which is known to be an important pathogenic factor in the development of myocardial ischemia. The pathogenesis of tachycardia is unknown but the condition is thought to be due to the endocrine response to endoscopy. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of sedation on the endocrine response and cardi...

OBJECTIVE Salivary chromogranin A (CgA) was recently reported to be a useful marker of mental stress. In this study, mental stress during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was evaluated by measuring salivary CgA levels in young and elderly subjects. METHODS The subjects were 9 healthy subjects aged less than 50 years (young group) and 15 subjects aged 70 years or older (elderly group). The hea...

BACKGROUND All patients with liver cirrhosis should undergo screening endoscopy, but there are limitations and this approach places a heavy burden upon endoscopy units. The aim of this study was to compare multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and the platelet/spleen diameter ratio as non-invasive methods for the detection of gastroesophageal varices. METHODS The study included 38 cirrhoti...

Purpose: It was aimed to convey the experiences of endoscopy performed by a single surgeon in district hospital. Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 784 patients who underwent endoscopic procedures same between February 2015 2018 general surgery unit Çorum Alaca State Hospital. Results: Endoscopy (upper GIS endoscopy) 585 cases included study, colonoscopy (lower 199 them. Of endo...

Introduction: We present a retrospective study series and discussion of the current literature to discuss the management of fishbones in the upper aerodigestive tract. Materials and Methods: From January 2013 to July 2016, all patients referred to our referral center because of a fishbone in the upper aerodigestive tract were analysed. Results: Of the 24 patients, 95% of them reported disc...

A 12-year-old boy with epilepsy was referred for recurrent abdominal pain of 2 months duration and underwent endoscopy without conscious sedation. The patient strained a little during the procedure and antral gastritis was detected. After 2 minutes of having the procedure, he developed swelling of the right parotid gland (●" Fig.1). On examination, he had bilateral nontender, noncrepitant parot...

Lactobacillus rhamnosus is commonly found in gastrointestinal flora and used in probiotics but is a rare human pathogen. We report a case of L. rhamnosus endocarditis following upper endoscopy in a frequent consumer of yogurt containing the organism, who required aortic and mitral valve replacement for cure.

Endoscopy methods involve diagnostics as well as therapy. Endoscopic techniques have a small but definite incidence of complication, so endoscopy should not be performed routinely but only on the basis of indication. The typical endoscopic procedures used in diagnostics and therapy of liver cirrhosis are endoscopy of upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Other techniques are less common. Sign...