Despite numerous side effects associated with smoking and drinking, the appealand conditional demand of themin China are still in the ascendant. Though a heavy volume of literature has been found with respect to this issue, few empirical studies have been done on smoking and drinking in China. We attempt to bridge this gap by estimating two-part models of smoking and liquor drinking demand of u...

Television (TV) advertisement is considered one of the most effective medium to influence the purchase decision of consumers. This study aims to answer the question that whether the residential background of consumers i.e. rural and urban has a varying effect on the buying decision due to the television advertisements. This study also compares the effect of TV advertisements among the males and...

CONTEXT Evidence exists for differences in health insurance coverage among states, but less is known about variations across different kinds of communities within states. PURPOSE This article assesses the role of residential setting (metropolitan county, rural adjacent, and rural nonadjacent) in health insurance coverage for adult residents, under age 65, using data from large-scale surveys c...

This review essay debates the policy issues raised by the book Retooling for Growth: Building a 21 Century Economy in America’s Older Industrial Areas, edited by Richard M. McGahey and Jennifer S. Vey (Brookings Institution Press, 2008). I argue that the main rationale for adopting policies to revitalize older industrial cities is to improve the per capita earnings of urban residents. Therefore...

Sporadic infection with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in New Mexico increased from 0.9 cases per 100,000 population (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.5-1.36) in 2004 to 1.7 (95% CI 1.14-2.26) in 2007. Non-O157 STEC was more common in nonwhite residents, children <5 years of age, and urban residents.

We propose a variational model to describe the optimal distributions of residents and services in an urban area. The functional to be minimized involves an overall transportation cost taking into account congestion effects and two aditional terms which penalize concentration of residents and dispersion of services. We study regularity properties of the minimizers and treat in details some examp...

With the acceleration of urbanization, waterlogging has become an increasingly serious issue. Road waterlogging has a great influence on residents' travel and traffic safety. Thus, evaluation of residents' travel difficulties caused by rainstorm waterlogging disasters is of great significance for their travel safety and emergency shelter needs. This study investigated urban rainstorm waterloggi...

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, the city of Seattle received federal Department of Housing and Urban Development “Model cities” funds to address issues of racial disenfranchisement in the city. Premised under the “Great Society” ethos, Model cities sought to remedy the strained relationship between local governments and disenfranchised urban communities. Though police-community relations wer...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of salt consumption with blood pressure in Viet Nam, a developing country with a high level of salt consumption. DESIGN AND SETTING Analysis of a nationally representative sample of Vietnamese adults 25-65 years of age who were surveyed using the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to Surveillance protocol. Participants who reported acute illness,...

INTRODUCTION Persons living in rural areas tend to have poorer health than do those who live in urban areas. These disparities have been attributed, in part, to lack of access to care. As a proxy measure of access to care, researchers examined the rate of office visits after emergency department (ED) treatment for asthma between rural and urban areas and pediatric and adult patients in Hawaii. ...