The aim of this review is to examine all urethral strictures and stenoses subsequent to treatment for prostate cancer, including radical prostatectomy (RP), radiotherapy, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and cryotherapy. The overall majority respond to endoscopic treatment, including dilatation, direct visual internal urethrotomy (DVIU) or bladder neck incision (BNI). There are adjunct ...

Calculi in the urethra are an uncommon entity. Giant calculi in prostatic urethra are extremely rare. The decision about treatment strategy of calculi depends upon the size, shape, and position of the calculus and the status of the urethra. If the stone is large and immovable, it may be extracted via the perineal or the suprapubic approach. In most of the previous reported cases, giant calculi ...

Female urethral strictures are rare; thus, the literature describing stricture management in women is sparse. Although urethral dilation continues to be performed at a high frequency in women despite lack of proven efficacy, this procedure is used for a variety of voiding complaints other than stricture. Hence, the long-term utility of dilation and urethrotomy for urethral stricture in women is...

Urethral stricture is still a challenging field in urology. Despite the varied procedures to treat this disease at present, no one existed approach can be clearly stated to be superior over another. Among the procedures, simple dilation and direct vision internal urethrotomy are more commonly suggested only for short urethral stricture (<1 cm, soft and no previous intervention). Currently, uret...

Urethral stricture in women is an uncommon cause of bladder outlet obstruction, an already unusual condition in women. Most cases are the result of urogenital surgical procedures; periurethral fibrosis is the mechanism implicated, regardless of cause. Diagnostic criteria are controversial, but it is clear that the condition consists of structural obstructions involving the middle and distal thi...

Indirect measures that determine the number of reconstructive urologists in the US seem to indicate a general shortage in the number of these specially trained surgeons. This shortage may worsen in the future, as the US population continues to age and the number of urologists relative to the general population growth continues to fall. The lack of reconstructive urology expertise seems to drive...