A 70 year old lady of recurrent ischaemic stroke on a chronic urinary catheter presented with purple discoloration of her catheter bag. Clinically, she was febrile. The urinary catheter drainage bag (Panel A) was purple stained. Her urine pH was alkaline at 7.5 with leucocytes present. The urine culture grew Klebsiella pneumoniae. She was treated with ampicillin/sulbactam which led to the resol...

We describe a rapid, reliable "high-performance" liquid-chromatographic method of simultaneously analyzing for 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid (I) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetic acid (II) in urine. Paired-ion chromatography and amperometric detection are used in the method. A 5-mL aliquot of urine is adjusted to pH 6.1 and subjected to anion-exchange chromatography (Dowex AG 1-X4, 1.8 X 0...

We explore the anti-microbial activity of urine specimens after the ingestion of a commercial cranberry preparation. Twenty subjects without urinary infection, off antibiotics and all supplements or vitamins were recruited. The study was conducted in two phases: in phase 1, subjects collected the first morning urine prior to ingesting 900 mg of cranberry and then at 2, 4 and 6 h. In phase 2, su...

1. A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out on data derived from single 24 h urine collections from 246 male idiopathic calcium stone-formers. 2. The daily urine volume and pH and the exretions of calcium, oxalate, phosphate, creatinine and magnesium were related to the time of year when the urine was collected, and the saturation of urine with calcium oxalate and octocalcium phosp...

A clinical study of 100 patients reveals that persons who eat large quantities of dietary protein (more than 30g/day) generate high levels of acid which must be neutralized before being eliminated from the body. This paper reports the findings of the clinical case study on the effect of acid versus alkaline residue on the body’s homeostasis, and the theory that human daily protein consumption i...

Since monosodium urate (NaU) may play an important etiologic role in the formation of renal stones containing Ca in patients with hyperuricosuria, the current studies were undertaken to define some of the physiocochemical factors which determine the formation of NaU. In solutions containing Na, uric acid was rapidly transformed to NaU at pH greater than 6. The results indicated that NaU, and no...

The urinalysis is an important step in the diagnostic workup of patients with kidney diseases. The assessment of the urine includes evaluation of its physical characteristics (colour, clarity and volume), the measurement of biochemical parameters using dipstick tests (urine pH, blood, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen and protein) and importantly the evaluation of the sediment by phase ...

We have established the optimal conditions for use of sodium borohydride as the reducing agent before the direct determination of mercury in water, urine, and blood by atomic absorption spectroscopy. We evaluated the effects of pH, temperature, and cupric sulfate concentration on the direct determination of both organic and inorganic compounds of mercury. Accurate and precise quantification of ...

BURNELL, JAMES M., ELIZABETH J. TEUBNER, AND DAVID P. SIMPSON. bfetabolic acidosis accompanying potasszum deprivation. Am. J. Physiol. 227(2): 329-333. 1974.-Removal of potassium, with or without substitution of an equivalent amount of sodium, from the diet of dogs causes a prompt and persistent decrease in distal H+ secretion resulting in an increase in urine pH. The sequelae to this change in...

This Position Paper was prepared using the methodology agreed by the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology (AACT) and the European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists (EAPCCT). All relevant scientific literature was identified and reviewed critically by acknowledged experts using set criteria. Well-conducted clinical and experimental studies were given precedence over an...