Abstract While intrinsic motivation is often seen as the ideal form of for entering higher education, students may also have external motivations related to life after graduation. There has been limited focus on how different enrolment are dropping out education. In this study, we investigated and in nursing programmes versus business administration programmes. The study demonstrates that type ...

OBJECTIVES The drop out rates in different longitudinal studies of musculoskeletal disorders range between 7% and 57%, and little is known about the characteristics of the subjects who dropped out. The aim was to analyse various consequences of drop out in a longitudinal study of musculoskeletal disorders and occupational risk factors during 1969-97. METHOD Data about occupational conditions ...

a study has been carried out for determining of cross-immunity between massachusetts (mass) m41 and iranian ir/773/2001 (793/b) strains of infectious bronchitis virus. two groups of 20 three weeks old spf chickens vaccinated subcutaneously with two oil-emulsions inactivated infectious bronchitis vaccines (mass m41 and iranian ir/773/2001 strains) that had been manufactured in razi institute in ...

A study has been carried out for determining of cross-immunity between Massachusetts (Mass) M41 and Iranian IR/773/2001 (793/B) strains of infectious bronchitis virus. Two groups of 20 three weeks old SPF chickens vaccinated subcutaneously with two oil-emulsions inactivated Infectious Bronchitis Vaccines (Mass M41 and Iranian IR/773/2001 strains) that had been manufactured in Razi institute in ...

Y chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are valuable genetic markers in certain areas of forensic case-work. However, when the Y-STR DNA profile is weak, the observed Y-STR profile may not be complete--i.e. locus drop-out may have occurred. Another explanation could be that the stain DNA did not have a Y-STR allele that was detectable with the method used (the allele is a 'null allele'). If ...

In a series of elegant experiments on baboons, Warfel et al. conclude that acellular pertussis vaccines (aP) prevent disease but fail to protect against transmissible infection (1). The authors speculate that this fact may explain the resurgence of pertussis in some countries (2). Although the animal model of Warfel et al. is a true breakthrough, we question the soundness of their extrapolation...

BACKGROUND Participant drop-out occurs in all longitudinal studies, and if systematic, may lead to selection biases and erroneous conclusions being drawn from a study. AIMS We investigated whether drop out in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents And Children (ALSPAC) was systematic or random, and if systematic, whether it had an impact on the prediction of disruptive behaviour disorders. ...

We discuss the interpretation of DNA profiles obtained from low template DNA samples. The most important challenge to interpretation in this setting arises when either or both of "drop-out" and "drop-in" create discordances between the crime scene DNA profile and the DNA profile expected under the prosecution allegation. Stutter and unbalanced peak heights are also problematic, in addition to t...