Based on the in-depth analysis of the essence and features of vague phenomena, this paper focuses on establishing the axiomatical foundation of membership degree theory for vague phenomena, presents an axiomatic system to govern membership degrees and their interconnections. On this basis, the concept of vague partition is introduced, further, the concept of fuzzy set introduced by Zadeh in 196...

The vague sum (product) of a finite number of real numbers and the vague integral multiples (powers) of real numbers based on a perfect vague addition (multiplication) operation are introduced, and some of their fundamental properties are pointed out. Furthermore, some examples are designed to show how they can be practically implemented. Keyword: Fuzzy arithmetic, Vague arithmetic, Vague arith...

let $r$ be a commutative ring with identity. let $g(r)$ denote the maximal graph associated to $r$, i.e., $g(r)$ is a graph with vertices as the elements of $r$, where two distinct vertices $a$ and $b$ are adjacent if and only if there is a maximal ideal of $r$ containing both. let $gamma(r)$ denote the restriction of $g(r)$ to non-unit elements of $r$. in this paper we study the various graphi...

The product vague graph (PVG) is one of the most significant issues in fuzzy theory, which has many applications medical sciences today. PVG can manage uncertainty, connected to unpredictable and unspecified data all real-world problems, graphs (FGs) will not conceivably ensue into generating adequate results. limitations previous definitions FGs have led us present new PVGs. Domination highly ...

Vagueness is something everyone is familiar with. In fact, most people think that vagueness is closely related to language and exists only there. However, vagueness is a property of the physical world. Quantum computers harness superposition and entanglement to perform their computational tasks. Both superposition and entanglement are vague processes. Thus quantum computers, which process exact...