Visually responding neurons in the superficial, retinorecipient layers of the cat superior colliculus receive input from two primarily parallel information processing channels, Y and W, which is reflected in their velocity response profiles. We quantified the time-dependent variability of responses of these neurons to stimuli moving with different velocities by Fano factor (FF) calculated in di...

[1] The lateral variations in the fluid outer core are believed to be very small from fluid dynamics calculations. Seismological studies on the issue have been limited and controversial. A great challenge is to sort out influences from heterogeneity in the mantle or the inner core. Using high-quality earthquake waveform doublets, we found that waves passing through the fluid core over a few yea...

This paper aims at challenging Bernstein’s problem called the “Degrees-of-Freedom problem”, which is known to remain unsolved from both the physiological and the robotics viewpoints. More than a half century ago A.N. Bernstein observed and claimed that “dexterity” resident in human limb motion emerges from involvement of multi-joint movements with surplus DOF. It is also said in robotics that r...

The present study deals with a laser Doppler dual-incident-beam velocimeter in reference-beam configuration developed at the Water Jet Lab of the Dipartimento di Meccanica of the Politecnico di Milano and especially designed for water jet applications. The applied experimental procedure makes it possible, once identified the contributors to the uncertainty of the measurand, to apply an analysis...

Measurements of the deformation of a dense array of boreholes in Worthington Glacier, Alaska, show that the glacier moves with generally bed-parallel motion. Strain in the 200 rn deep valley glacier is constant near the surface but follows a nonlinear vertical profile below a depth of about 120 m. By a depth of 180 m, the octahedral strain rate reaches 0.35 yr -•. The three-dimensional velocity...

Angle of arrival fluctuations are one manifestation of acoustic propagation through a turbulent flow. Here the two-dimensional angle of arrival distribution for a 670-m acoustic path through a high Reynolds number flow in a tidal channel is examined and its origin and relationship to the flow field is determined. Over scales greater than the variability due to turbulence, a solution of the ray ...

an evaluation of the relationship between crop yield and soil properties would be useful in estimating the fluctuations in yield, and in an implementation of correct field management. the study was conducted in farmer operated wheat fields in sorkhankalateh district, 25 km northeast of gorgan, golestan province, iran. soil samples (0-30 cm depth) were collected just after crop planting at the e...

This study described rugby passing technique in a group of 13 highly proficient players. Upper body kinematics (500 Hz) were assessed during six passes at a target positioned 8 m away from both dominant and non-dominant sides, with pass accuracy recorded subjectively using a 5-point scale. Passes to the preferred side were faster (P=0.02) and more accurate (P=0.001) than those to the non-prefer...

[1] Repeated mesoscale surveys of waters over the shelf and slope off Oregon were conducted during spring and summer of 2001 to study the spatial structure of the velocity and hydrographic fields. The ocean response to wind forcing is compared between a region of relatively simple topography with alongshore uniformity and a region of complex topography including a shallow submarine bank (Heceta...