gene association studies are less appealing in cancer compared to autoimmune diseases. complexity, heterogeneity, variation in histological types, age at onset, short survival, and acute versus chronic conditions are cancer related factors which are different from an organ specific autoimmune disease, such as grave’s disease, on which a large body of multicentre data is accumulated. for years t...

background and objectives: classic hodgkin lymphoma (chl), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (alcl) and some cases of diffuse large b cell lymphoma (dlbcl) have overlapping morphologic features. since they all represent distinct clinico-pathologic entities, we explored the differential diagnostic impact of immunophenotyping to discriminate between them. materials and methods: we included 61 cases ...

background and aims: citrus exocortis disease is naturally limited to citrus plants and causes a serious disease on sensitive rootstocks such as trifoliate orange. the aim of this study was to sample new variants of citrus exocortis viroid from fars trees with yellowing and suberization symptoms and comparison with other isolates of this viroid. materials and methods: a number of symptomatic or...

Background: Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is a progressive tubulointestinal kidney condition that demonstrates an AR inheritance pattern. Up to now, more than 20 various genes have been detected for NPHP, with NPHP1 as the first one detected. X-prolyl aminopeptidase 3 (XPNPEP3) mutation is related to NPHP-like 1 nephropathy and late onset NPHP. Methods: The proband (index patient) had polyuria, polyd...

Background: CDKN2A, encoding two important tumor suppressor proteins p16 and p14, is a tumor suppressor gene. Mutations in this gene and subsequently the defect in p16 and p14 proteins lead to the downregulation of RB1/p53 and cancer malignancy. To identify the structural and functional effects of mutations, various powerful bioinformatics tools are available. The aim of this study is the ident...

one of the obstacles that has caused agricultural sector not to reach significant and expected growth is shortage of short, medium and long–term funds to finance various activities of this sector. this study aims at investigating the economic impacts of credits granted by agricultural bank on farmers on hirmand region. the statistical population of the survey included 4691 farmers of hirmand re...

hydroponic experiments were performed to exam the dynamic change of endogenous proline in rice seedlings exposed to potassium chromate chromium (vi) or chromium nitrate chromium (iii). although accumulation of both chromium species in rice seedlings was obvious, more chromium was detected in plant tissues of rice seedlings exposed to chromium (iii) than those in chromium (vi), majority being in...

objective(s):previous studies demonstrate that changes in pre-mrna splicing play a significant role in human disease development. furthermore, many cancer-associated genes are regulated by alternative splicing. there are mounting evidences that splice variants which express predominantly in tumors, have clear diagnostic value and may provide potential drug targets. located on the x chromosome, ...