The extent to which precordial and other unipolar leads are influenced by the proximity of the exploring electrode to one part or another of the heart is the subject of considerable debate. One approach to the problem is to determine how closely precordial leads can be predicted from spatial vectorcardiograms recorded by leads relatively remote from the heart. The panoramic vectors cardiograph ...

Colloidal models are frequently used to model the thermodynamics of bacterial attachment to surfaces. The most commonly used of such models is that proposed by van Oss, Chaudhury and Good, which includes both non-polar and polar (including hydrogen bonding) interactions between the attaching bacterium, the attachment substratum and the aqueous environment. We use this model to calculate the fre...

The QRS loop on the horizontal plane of the vectorcardiogram and the QRS complex in the right praecordial leads of the electrocardiogram were studied in 8o patients with strictly posterior and/or lateral infarction. In all 30 patients with combined posterolateral infarction a ratio RIS greater than I in lead Vi was found. In I9 out of the 23 patients with strictly posterior infarction and in al...