in static scheduling problem, where there is no change in situation, the challenge is that the large problems can be solved in a short time. in this paper, the static scheduling problem of automated guided vehicles in container terminal is solved by the network simplex algorithm (nsa). the algorithm is based on graph model and their performances are at least 100 times faster than traditional si...

The purpose of this research was to explore the changes in children's bicycle helmet use and motor vehicle bicycle related injuries in Hillsborough County, Florida before and after passage of the Florida's bicycle helmet law for children under the age of 16. The results show a significant increase in bicycle helmet use among children, ages 5-13, in the post-law years compared with the pre-law y...

The US and European AutoiOil Programmes were designed to help improve air quality by providing further knowledge (and advising regulators) about the relationships between fuels, engine technology, vehicle emissions and urban air quality. Through testing and air quality modelling studies they demonstrated some of the potential improvements due tu vehicle technology and fuel (especially gasoline)...

This paper will present evidence to show that there is an absence of informed, broad, media discussion on e-commerce initiatives in Australia. As pointed out by several authors (Gittins, 1995), the newspaper medium is one of the main vehicles through which advisers and policymakers seek to influence society. Thus, this medium takes on the role of a public forum on national issues. However, it w...

Objective(s): Pharmaceutical industries are leading to improved medications that can target diseases more effectively and precisely. Researchers have intended to reformulate drugs so that they may be more safely used in human body. The more targeted a drug is, the lower its chance of triggering drug resistance, a cautionary concern surrounding the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The aim of t...

using electric vehicles, in addition to decreasing the environmental concerns, can play an important role in decreasing the peak and filling the off-peaks of the daily load characteristics. in other words, in smart grids' infrastructure, the load characteristics can be improved by scheduling the charge and discharge process of electric vehicles. in smart grids, the customers are instantane...

Background: In large cities, the share of vehicles in air pollutants emissions is nearly 70% that is mainly due to use of fossil fuels. Environmental simulation has many advantages such as accuracy and speed of modeling. Present study was conducted to create a model of air pollution [Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)] from vehicles in fifty following years, in Mashhad. Methods: Acc...