BACKGROUND The objective of the Scandinavian Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (SSAI) task force on mechanical ventilation in adults with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is to formulate treatment recommendations based on available evidence from systematic reviews and randomised trials. METHODS This guideline was developed according to standards for trustwor...

BACKGROUND There may be significant difference between measurement of end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (PetCO2) and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) during one-lung ventilation with low tidal volume for thoracic surgeries. Transcutaneous carbon dioxide partial pressure (PtcCO2) monitoring can be used continuously to evaluate PaCO2 in a noninvasive fashion. In this study...

BACKGROUND The efficacy of protective ventilation in acute lung injury has validated its use in the operating room for patients undergoing thoracic surgery with one-lung ventilation (OLV). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of two different modes of ventilation using low tidal volumes: pressure controlled ventilation (PCV) vs. volume controlled ventilation (VCV) on oxygena...

BACKGROUND Intermittent positive pressure ventilation applied through a nasal mask has been shown to be useful in the treatment of chronic respiratory insufficiency. Pressure support ventilation is an assisted mode of ventilation which is being increasingly used. Invasive ventilation with intermittent positive pressure, with or without positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), has been found to ...

Respiratory failure is the leading reason for the admission of children to intensive care units, and the ventilator is the main therapeutic tool used during the treatment of these patients. A competently used ventilator and adequate knowledge of the anatomy, histology and physiology of the respiratory system in particular age groups of children (especially among neonates and infants) are crucia...

INTRODUCTION Home mechanical ventilation (HMV) represents a treatment option for patients with chronic respiratory failure and has changed prognosis and survival of many disorders in children. The aim of this study was to characterize a group of children on long-term mechanical ventilation (LTMV) for a period longer than 10 years. METHODS A retrospective analysis was carried out including pat...

Few studies have examined ventilatory modes exclusively in infants born at term. Synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) compared to intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) is associated with a shorter duration of ventilation. The limited data on pressure support, volume targeted ventilation and neurally adjusted ventilatory assist demonstrate only short term benefits in term bor...

INTRODUCTION Studies comparing high frequency oscillatory and conventional ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome have used low values of positive end-expiratory pressure and identified a need for better recruitment and pulmonary stability with high frequency. OBJECTIVE To compare conventional and high frequency ventilation using the lower inflection point of the pressure-volume c...

The use of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) as a means of ventilatory support has been around for as long as the profession of respiratory care. In fact, for a substantial part of my career, noninvasive positive-pressure treatments were the primary therapeutic activity provided by respiratory therapists. In the mid-1960s many of the first patients I mechanically ventilated were ...

Introduction The Least Squares Fitting (LSF) is a computerized method of analysis of respiratory system mechanics. It is based on applying a regression analysis for every sample points of the loop of pressure, flow and volume by fitting the equation Paw = Rrs × V’ + VT/Crs + PEEPtot during inspiration [1]. This technique has been already validated in Controlled Mechanical Ventilation (CMV) and ...