Eavesdropping involves the acquisition of information from third-party interactions, and can serve to indirectly attribute reputation to individuals. There is evidence on eavesdropping in dogs, indicating that they can develop a preference for people based on their cooperativeness towards others. In this study, we tested dogs' eavesdropping abilities one step further. In a first experiment, dog...

AIMS The aim of this study was to determine neuropsychological performance in apparently cognitively, mentally, and physically healthy abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects compared with control subjects who were recruited for a number of different neuroimaging studies. METHODS All subjects completed a battery of neuropsychological tests as part of the neuroimaging protocol. RESULTS The grou...

The aim of this study was to verify the moment with more reliable data to survey children's pragmatic profile. Participants were five children with typical language development and ages between 7 years and 1 month and 8 years and 11 months. Data collection involved a 150-minute recording of a child-researcher interaction, divided into five 30-minute individual sessions. Data were later analyzed...

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine neuropsychological performance in apparently cognitively, mentally, and physically healthy abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects compared with control subjects who were recruited for a number of different neuroimaging studies. Methods: All subjects completed a battery of neuropsychological tests as part of the neuroimaging protocol. Results: The group...

Getting involved in a virtual environment (VE) cannot be only considered a plain process of attention shifting, but it must be regarded as well as a crucial event able to distinguish the actors’ communication in a peculiar way. A study is presented herein in order to describe patients’ communicative style in a psychological treatment supported by Virtual Reality (VR). In particular, we proposed...

HE retirement is a concept of recent origin though it could be traced to Indian philosophy. The reasons related to voluntary retirement scheme (VRS) of Government of India and its response by public sector employees have been analyzed in this paper. There are number of reasons for opting to VRS like doing some business, job dissatisfaction, health and personal reasons. There exists variation in...

If a person who is intrinsically motivated to perform an activity begins to receive external reinforcement for the activity, what will happen to his intrinsic motivation? Previous studies and the present study indicate that money decreases intrinsic motivation, while verbal reinforcements tend to enhance intrinsic motivation. The beginning of a cognitive evaluation theory is discussed, and an a...

The purpose of this study was to examine changes in kindergartners’ perceptions of competence and to determine the effects of teachers’ verbal behaviors on these perceptions. A sample of 168 kindergartners from 31 classrooms participated in a preand posttest administration of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance and three classroom observations. Kindergartners in th...