The anatomy of the atlas (first cervical vertebrae, C1) exhibits complex, threedimensional structures, showing extensive variability in morphology from other cervical vertebrae. 1 It is located at critical point close to the vital centers of the medulla oblongata which can get compressed by a dislocation of the atlanto axial complex or instability of the atlanto axial joint. 2 The atlas holds t...

Burst fractures of the spine account for 14% of all spinal injuries. Lower lumbar burst fracture with retrolisthesis is a rare presentation of traumatic cause. Management of this type of fracture are controversial and depends on plenty of factors like age of patient, type of injury, neurological deficit, associated comorbit injury. Here we are discussing a rarest case of traumatic burst fractur...

Automatic segmentation of 3D vertebrae is a challenging task in medical imaging. In this paper, we introduce a total variation (TV) based framework that incorporates an a priori model, i.e., a vertebral mean shape, image intensity and edge information. The algorithm was evaluated using leave-one-out cross validation on a data set containing ten computed tomography scans and ground truth segment...

Binder syndrome is a rare congenital malformation (maxillonasal dysplasia), which was first described in 1939 by Noyes, whereas it was Binder who defined it as a syndrome in 1962. Clinically, there is enlarged nasal angle (arhinoid face), abnormal position of the nasal bones, hypoplastic maxillary, hypoplasia/reduction of the nasal spine, absence/hypoplasia of the frontal nasal sinus (not oblig...

This paper proposes a method for rapidly reconstructing 3D models of the spine from two planar radiographs. For performing 3D reconstructions, users only have to identify on each radiograph a spline that represents the spine midline. Then, a statistical articulated model of the spine is deformed until it best fits these splines. The articulated model used on this method not only models vertebra...

Although prehospital trauma guidelines call for spine immobilization for many trauma victims, there is a lack of clarity in medical institutions as to how trauma or emergency medicine physicians should proceed to remove cervical immobilization devices (CIDs) and "clear" the spine. Despite wide variations in physicians' approaches to such matters, however, certain specific aspects of vertebral a...

Previous in-vivo studies have mostly used X-ray images to measure the vertebral rotational centers in sagittal plane. Recently, advanced medical image techniques such as CT, MRI and dual plane fluoroscopic have enabled investigation of 3D motions of the vertebral body in space. We have applied the combined dual fluoroscopic imaging system (DFIS) and MR imaging technique to investigate the 6DOF ...

Radiologists often examine X-rays of cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae for determining the presence of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. For individual vertebra assessment, the boundary increasingly digresses from the general rectangular shape as the vertebra becomes less normal in appearance. For an abnormal vertebra, bony growths ('osteophytes') may appear at the vertebral comers, result...

This paper describes the curious case history of famous and rare Klippel Feil syndrome type II, identified in skeleton a young Slavic soldier who died 1946. It is very interesting given fusion C1 C2 cervical vertebrae, which prevented from rotating his skull while alive. Klippel–Feil osteopathology involves vertebrae spine linked to other pathologies that indicate presence this pathological con...

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) measurements are subject to artificial elevation in the presence of structural abnormalities that more common with age and injury, including osteoarthritis, fracture osteophytes. The aims this study were investigate vertebral on DXA scans retired rugby players a nonrugby control group, explore effect exclusion BMD di...