Simultaneous velocity measurements were taken using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and an Acoustic Doppler Velocity Profiler (ADVP) in a sharp open-channel bend with an immobile gravel bed. The PIV measures 3D velocity vectors in a vertical plane (~40cm x 20cm) at a frequency of 7.5 Hz, whereas the ADVP measures 3D velocity vectors in a vertical profile with a frequency of 31.25 Hz. The paper...

the alborz mountains, as a folded and faulting region, is the northern region of crust shortening in iran. dominant mechanism (harvard, 2002) of alborz earthquakes is left-lateral strick-slip paralleled to the range. east alborz is one of the active regions that plays a significant role in the tectonics of its neighbors like south casbin basin. regarding the geological maps of the area, the fau...

We have developed a technique for the inversion of teleseismic S-waveforms in terms of azimuthal anisotropy in the upper mantle. We test different models of the Earth upper mantle by transforming the observed horizontal components into a synthetic vertical component and comparing this with the observed vertical component. The optimum model is found by minimizing the difference between the synth...

We have studied the drag force acting on an object moving with low velocity through a granular medium. Although the drag force is a dynamic quantity, its behavior in this regime is dominated by the inhomogeneous distribution of stress in static granular media. We find experimentally that the drag force on a vertical cylinder is linearly dependent on the cylinder diameter, quadratically dependen...