Aim: To evaluate the long-term developmental trajectory of children with infantile spasms (IS) and identify clinical protective risk factors associated their cognitive outcome.Methods: We analyzed five-year follow-up results 41 (13 female) from previously published cohort (n = 68) recruited in a multicenter randomized controlled trial for 2-years, examining effect an adjunctive therapy (Flunari...

The aim of the current paper was to use data from a prospective study to assess the impact of early motor skills on the rate of language development in infants with an older sibling with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), who are at increased risk of developing ASD themselves. Infants were tested prospectively at four points (7, 14, 24 and 36 months), and were assessed for ASD at the last visit. L...

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disabilities (ID) are high prevalence developmental disabilities that co-occur at high rates. Furthermore, Axis I psychopathology is known to occur more frequently in individuals with ID than the general population. The problems are lifelong and can be major impediments to independent living. Despite this, little research with adults is available...

CONTEXT The amygdala is associated with socioemotional function and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of autism. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between amygdalar volume at ages 3 and 4 years and severity of clinical course and outcome at 6 years of age in children with autism spectrum disorder. DESIGN Magnetic resonance images acquired at 3 and 4 years of age were used to me...

Abstract In children with Down syndrome (DS) development of visual, motor and cognitive functions is atypical. It unknown whether the visual impairments in DS aggravate their lag development. Visual impairment developmental lags adaptive behaviour executive were assessed 104 DS, 2–16 years, by comparing behaviour, acuity (distant near) scores against published age-matched norm typically develop...

This study investigates the parental perception of stress related to the upbringing of children with CHARGE syndrome and its association with behavioral and physical child characteristics. Parents of 22 children completed the Nijmegen Parenting Stress Index-Short, Developmental Behavior Checklist, and Dutch Vineland Screener 0-12 and reported their child's problems with hearing, vision and abil...

OBJECTIVE Little is known about the neuropsychological effects of risperidone in children with pervasive developmental disorders. METHOD Twenty-four children (aged 5-17 years) with pervasive developmental disorders and co-morbid disruptive behavior who responded favorably to open-label treatment with risperidone as part of a previously described controlled discontinuation study completed two ...

A simple procedure for evaluating the learning capacities of individuals with severe cognitive deficits is described. The procedure is based theoretically on a modification of the learning hierarchy described by Thomas (1980; 1993; 1996), and it examines simple observational learning, simple instrumental conditioning, learning a concurrent object discrimination, and mastering a reversal or seve...

Early intervention has been reported to improve outcome in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Several studies in the field have been randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The aim of this study was to assess ASD outcome in a large naturalistic study. Two hundred and eight children, aged 20-54 months, with a clinical diagnosis of ASD were given intervention and monitored prospectively...

objective: many behavioral problems are resulting from inappropriate parenting styles and inattention to behavioral-emotional difficulties in childhood. the purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between parenting styles and dimensions of children's maladaptive behaviors. methods: 120 six-year old boys, who were enrolled in the first grade of elementary school, were selec...