Introduction: The Mars Odyssey Neutron Spectrometer has detected concentrations of hydrogen within the upper few decimeters of the martian surface using counts of thermal, epithermal, and fast neutrons [1]. Hydrogen concentrations are interpreted in terms of mass fractions of H2O , which is most likely in the form of ice at the highest latitudes and subsurface deposits of chemically/physically ...

A light-scattering sensor that incorporated zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles was developed and characterized in this study. Evenly distributed nanostructured ZnO materials were formed on the sensing elements through the calcination of zinc acetate-treated sensing elements in a high-temperature oven. There was a large change in the scattering properties of the nanostructured ZnO materials after ad...

Reference materials are indispensable in the quality control and quality assurance of analytical measurements. One novel approach to the generation of standard gaseous mixtures of toxic, reactive, volatile, labile, and malodorous substances involves thermal decomposition or rearrangement, under defined temperature conditions, of compounds immobilized, by chemical bonding, on the surface of an a...

Abstract We report on the potential use of intrinsic ferromagnetic rare earth nitride (REN) semiconductors as electrodes in tunnelling magnetoresistance and giant device structures for non-volatile memory storage devices. Non-volatile elements utilising magnetic materials have been an industry standard decades. However, typical metallic ferromagnets dilute used lack ability to independently tun...

Chemical and biological warfare agents (CBWA's) are diverse in nature; volatile acute low-molecular-weight toxic compounds, chemical warfare agents (CWA's, gaseous choking and blood agents, volatile nerve gases and blister agents, nonvolatile vomit agents and lacrymators), biological toxins (nonvolatile low-molecular-weight toxins, proteinous toxins) and microbes (bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae...

BACKGROUND In aerodynamic levitation, solids and liquids are floated in a vertical gas stream. In combination with CO2-laser heating, containerless melting at high temperature of oxides and silicates is possible. We apply aerodynamic levitation to bulk rocks in preparation for microchemical analyses, and for evaporation and reduction experiments. RESULTS Liquid silicate droplets (~2 mm) were ...

0167-9317/$ see front matter 2008 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.mee.2008.09.008 * Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (G. Molas). In this paper, we evaluate the potentiality of hafnium aluminium oxide (HfAlO) high-k materials for control dielectric application in non-volatile memories. We analyze the electrical properties (conduction and parasitic trapping) of HfAlO singl...

The adverse effects of contaminated outdoor air have been recognized and subject to control for many years. More recently environmental engineers and health professionals have become cognizant of the hazards associated with contaminated indoor air. It is now understood that contaminated indoor air negatively impacts human health, worker productivity, and physical property. Volatile organic comp...

The emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from structural insulated panel (SIP) materials were investigated. Specimens of newly produced SIPs and associated panel adhesives were obtained from two relatively large manufacturers. Additionally, specimens of the oriented strand board (OSB) used as the inner and outer sheathing and the extruded polystyrene core for the SIP were obtained fro...

The purpose of the investigation is to analyze the pros and cons of existing sorption models, as well as experimental methods. In addition, it summarizes existing sorption data in order to understand the phenomenon of VOC sorption on building materials better and to direct future research. We found that existing sorption models can be generally classified into either first order adsorption/deso...