A nonlinear phase-field model has been developed for describing the electrodeposition process in electrochemical systems that are highly out of equilibrium. Main thermodynamic driving forces for the electrode-electrolyte interface (EEI) evolution are limited to local variations of overpotential and ion concentration. Application of the model to Li-ion batteries describes the electrode interface...

Here we report on a generalized theory for scanning electrochemical microscopy to enable the voltammetric investigation of a heterogeneous electron-transfer (ET) reaction with arbitrary reversibility and mechanism at the macroscopic substrate. In this theory, we consider comprehensive nanoscale experimental conditions where a tip is positioned at a nanometer distance from a substrate to detect ...

The computational hydrogen evolution activity of Pt(111) remains controversial due to apparent discrepancies with experiments concerning rate-determining activation free energies and equilibrium coverages. A fundamental source error may lie within the static representations metal–water interface commonly employed in density functional theory (DFT)-based kinetic models neglecting important entro...

The binding of sinafloxacin to DNA has been studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The variations in the spectroscopic characteristics of sinafloxacin upon addition of DNA were observed. Salt concentration effect, KI quenching, fluorescence polarization, DNA denaturation experiments, melting temperature (T(m)) curves and viscosity measurements were studied to i...

Most lanthanide porphyrin derivatives exhibit ‘normal’ absorption spectra with Q and B bands. The rare earth ions have little effect on the absorption spectra, which are much like those of other closed-shell metalloporphyrins. However, their emission spectra vary according to which lanthanide ion is present. We observe two types of emissions: (i) a line emission arising from the lanthanide ion ...

The Butler–Volmer (BV) equation links the current flux crossing an electrochemical interface to electric potential drop across it with assumption of Arrhenius kinetics and Boltzmann factor. Applying semilogarithmic Tafel analysis in which logarithm is plotted vs overpotential, one expects straight lines from fundamental reaction rate kinetic process can be computed. However, some Li-ion battery...

Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution MoS2 nanoflowers are successfully decorated on cobalt-containing nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes to form dual-active domains (Co-NCNTs/MoS2). The coupling of featured optimizes the electronic structure and triggers bifunctional effect balance Volmer step, thereby increasing reaction step efficiency leading a high hydrogen evolution catalytic activity. More details ca...

A simple and fast spectrofluorimetric method for determination of ciprofloxacin based on its quenching effect the fluorescence intensity colloidal water soluble TGA caped, Mn doped ZnS quantum dots (QDs) has been described. The QDs having characteristic spectra with maximum excitation at 315 nm followed by an emission peak 632 were characterized using Energy Dispersive X-Ray X-ray Diffraction t...

Transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), especially MoS2, have emerged as a promising class of electrocatalysts for the production H2 via hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under acidic conditions. The edges MoS2 are known their HER activity, but precise atomistic nature and stability conditions not yet known. In contrast to other typical uses catalyst, HER, there is no external source sulfur. T...

The fluorescence response functions of oxygen-free benzene solutions containing 3 x 10 3 >1 anthracene and concentrations of up to 1.2 x M perylene were observed using the phase and modulation fluorometer. The response functions of the directly excited anthracene and perylene fluorescence are simple exponential decay functions, while that of the perylene fluorescence, indirectly excited by ener...