To develop operating strategies in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell-powered applications, precise computationally efficient models of the fuel cell stack voltage are required. Models are needed for all operating conditions, including transients. In this work, transient evolutions of voltage, in response to load changes, are modeled with a sum of three exponential decay functions. Am...

Calcium is essential for synaptic transmission and the control of the intrinsic firing properties of neurons; this makes Ca(2+) channels a prime target for neuromodulators. A combination of multiphoton microscopy and voltage-clamp recording was used to determine the localization of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) accumulation in the two pyloric dilator (PD) neurons of the pyloric network in the spiny ...

Recovery from inactivation of T-type Ca channels is slow and saturates at moderate hyperpolarizing voltage steps compared with Na channels. To explore this unique kinetic pattern we measured gating and ionic currents in two closely related isoforms of T-type Ca channels. Gating current recovers from inactivation much faster than ionic current, and recovery from inactivation is much more voltage...

Histrionicotoxin, a toxin isolated from skin secretions of a Colombian arrow poison frog, Dendrobates histrionicus, decreased the amplitude and time-course of the endplate current, and altered the voltage dependence of the half-decay time. In addition, the toxin produced a characteristic nonlinearity in the current-voltage relationship of the endplate current when 3-s voltage conditioning steps...

Ca2+-channel currents in primary cultures of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells were studied using the whole-cell patch-clamp method. Parameters of a double-pulse protocol were systematically varied to characterize facilitation by a prepulse (P1) of Ca2+-channel current during a test pulse (P2). The pulses were usually separated by 30 msec, an interval sufficient for decay of any measurable P1 tai...

The dependence of the impulse electrical strength of water on conductivity was investigated in non-uniform electric field point-plate electrode system. The voltage pulses, with the rise time t,=l ps, and time to half-decay tuz= 30 ps, were generated by a Marx bank. Conductivity was varied by the use of different CuSO4 concentrations in distilled water. The voltage and current during the electri...

Understanding the influence of vibrational degrees freedom on transport through a heterostructure poses considerable theoretical and numerical challenges. In this work, we use density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method together with local basis optimization (LBO) to study half-filled Holstein model in presence linear potential, either isolated or coupled tight-binding leads. both cases,...

In this research the exclusive decay of                         is calculated by QCD factorization (QCDF) method and final state interaction (FSI). First, the  decay is calculated via QCDF method. The result that is found by using the QCDF method is less than the experimental result. So FSI is considered to solve the decay. For this decay, via the exchange of mesons are chosen for the intermedi...

Abstract Self-powered photosensor is fabricated based on nanostructure TiO 2 /natural dyes. nanostructured thin film was prepared FTO/glass substrates by hydrothermal method. Surface morphology, crystalline structure, as well optical properties of the sample are investigated. Three types natural dyes, pomegranate, aubergine, and coffee used an active layer (absorber) photosensor. However, solut...