We apply the viable system model (VSM) in the management control system (MCS) area in order to address the multifarious relationships between enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and budgeting through the introduction of five research criteria: ERP system, budgeting, informal control, organizational hierarchy and the relationships among them. The research question discussed is: How can we...

The Viable System Model by Stafford Beer embodies a theory about the preconditions of organizational viability. This theory has been discussed extensively by the academics and professionals of organizational cybernetics. The theoretical claim of the Viable System Model (VSM) is bold. It asserts to specify the necessary and sufficient preconditions for the viability of any organization. The empi...

PDMS micropost arrays were fabricated, characterized, and used to analyze the traction force generated by vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells. The micropost array was fabricated with diameters between 3-7μm, with edge to edge spacing of 5 and 7m, and height to diameter aspect radio up to 8. The spring constant of micropost used in cell culturing experiment is 20.94nN/m and the smallest tractio...

Background: Increased vascular smooth muscle cell motility results in neointimal formation. Results: CaMKII2 and Fyn physically interact and CaMKII2 activity regulates complex formation, Fyn activity, and motility. Conclusion: CaMKII2 and Fyn regulate VSM cell motility due to their physical and functional interaction. Significance: Coupling CaMKII2 and Fyn in VSM provides a defined mechanis...

We examined the effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3(1,25-(OH)2D3) on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells. Receptors for 1,25-(OH)2D3 were demonstrated in fresh rabbit aortic tissue and in cultured rat VSM using binding of [3H]-1,25-(OH)2D3 in sucrose density gradients of the tissue or cell homogenates. The receptor sedimented at 3.6 S, the sedimentation velocity of 1,25-(OH)...

Parallelization has moved in recent years into the mainstream compilers, and the demand for parallelizing tools that can do a better job of automatic parallelization is higher than ever. During the last decade considerable attention has been focused on developing programming tools that support both explicit and implicit parallelism to keep up with the power of the new multiple core technology. ...

Brain parenchymal arterioles (PAs) are high-resistance vessels that branch off pial arteries and perfuse the brain parenchyma. PAs are the target of cerebral small vessel disease and have been shown to have greater pressure-induced tone at lower pressures than pial arteries. We investigated mechanisms by which brain PAs have increased myogenic tone compared with middle cerebral arteries (MCAs),...

—Online forums enable users to discuss together around various topics. One of the serious problems of these environments is high volume of discussions and thus information overload problem. Unfortunately without considering the users interests, traditional Information Retrieval (IR) techniques are not able to solve the problem. Therefore, employment of a Recommender System (RS) that could sugge...

Shared-memory programming is still a common and popular way of utilizing parallel machines for high-performance computing. Virtual shared memory (VSM) systems promote a gentle migration path allowing the execution of shared-memory programs on distributed-memory machines. Such kind of systems are both complex and extremely sensitive to performance issues. Therefore many VSM systems still handle ...

To determine whether channeling of glycolytic intermediates can occur in vascular smooth muscle (VSM), we permeabilized freshly isolated VSM cells from hog carotid arteries with dextran sulfate. The dextran sulfate-treated cells did not exclude trypan blue, a dye with molecular weight of ∼1,000. If glycolytic intermediates freely diffuse, plasmalemmal permeabilization would allow intermediates ...