A portable sensor for the analysis of phosphate in aqueous samples has been developed. The sensor incorporates microfluidic technology, colorimetric detection, and wireless communications into a compact and rugged portable device. The detection method used is the molybdenum yellow method, in which a phosphate-containing sample is mixed with a reagent containing ammonium metavanadate and ammoniu...

Nowadays recycling wastewater is a task in progress. New ways of contamination have appeared together with the technology development. Our article deals with the case of wastewater contaminated with dispersed colorants that are used during the decoration of paper boxes for packaging various products. The wastewater treatment is based on the electro-flotation process. The system is fully automat...

Erratum: “Radionuclides in Fracking Wastewater: Managing a Toxic Blend” The Focus article “Radionuclides in Fracking Wastewater: Managing a Toxic Blend” [Environ Health Perspect 122:A50–A55 (2014); http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.122-A50] incorrectly stated that Pennsylvania requires pit liners for temporary impoundments and disposal to have a minimum thickness of 30 mm. The correct minimum thick...

Enzymes are important in biological wastewater treatment systems, since they are responsible for breakdown of macro- and micropollutants, thereby making the pollutants available for metabolism. Enzyme activity has been investigated in particular in activated sludge processes, since the activated sludge technology is the most important and widely spread wastewater treatment technology used today...

Based on an empirical study of a wastewater treatment plant we present an integrated prototype for PCs and PDAs. It supports getting an overview of the wastewater treatment process and making system information available in the environment outside the control room. The prototype is build on the understanding that support for mobile work must be realised through a combination of different techno...

Constructed wetland technology has been widely applied around the world to treat domestic wastewaters from the single family home to small communities. Constructed wetlands can be classified as either surface flow wetlands (similar to natural wetlands) or subsurface flow wetlands, where the wastewater flows through a media. Subsurface flow constructed wetlands can either be horizontal flow syst...

The application of MSBR in wastewater treatment including its principal base, operational instruction and technical feature are presented. As a newly developed modified SBR (Sequential Batch Reactor) MSBR has the advantages of both SBR and conventional activated active sludge processes. Both the primary and secondary sedimentation tanks can be omitted and continuous operation with full filling ...

Treatment of domestic wastewater, at both the village and urban level, remains a problem in most developing countries. This is a review paper illustrating the use of duckweed-based wastewater treatment systems that provide genuine solutions to these problems. They are inexpensive to install as well as to operate and maintain. They do not require expensive technologies. Therefore, this review pa...

The Holy Grail of water technology is a full recycle of all wastewater as potable water (or water of a similar quality) after treatment by enhanced separation. Traditional wastewater treatment systems, mainly based on activated sludge treatment, have a high water loss through the sludge produced, generate a large volume of secondary waste and have insufficient quality of the product water. Newe...

EXTENDED ABSTRACT The removal of chromium from water and wastewater has caused increased research interest in recent years. Chromium exists in the environment mainly in one of two valence states: a) trivalent Cr(III), and b) hexavalent Cr(VI) form. Cr(VI) enters the environment primarily through industrial processes including the production of steel and metal alloys, chrome plating, dyes and pi...