Application of nanotechnology to medical biology has brought remarkable success. Water-soluble fullerenes are molecules with great potential for biological use because they can endow unique characteristics of amphipathic property and form a self-assembled structure by chemical modification. Effective gene delivery in vitro with tetra(piperazino)fullerene epoxide (TPFE) and its superiority to Li...

This article discusses the pathophysiology of sodium and water retention in edematous disorders with a particular focus on cardiac failure, cirrhosis, and pregnancy. The body fluid volume hypothesis, which emphasizes the dominant role of arterial baroreceptors in renal sodium and water excretion, is reviewed. With arterial underfilling, either due to a decrease in cardiac output or peripheral a...

BACKGROUND Evidence associating exposure to water disinfection by-products with reduced birth weight and altered duration of gestation remains inconclusive. OBJECTIVE We assessed exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) during pregnancy through different water uses and evaluated the association with birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW), and preterm delivery. METHO...

single-walled carbon nanotubes (swnts) are among the promising nano-devices for delivery of therapeutic agents. yet the drastic hydrophobic natures of swnts make their handling and hence application difficult.several researches have been conducted to make them more hydrophilic and water dispersible and less toxic. among the different approaches, dispersion methods exploit different reagents suc...

Oral drug delivery system has been area of interest for researcher and scientist to explore it to the extreme potential in drug delivery system in past few years. The researchers are focusing on this drug delivery because of ease of administration and comfort offered by this route to patient. Hence drug delivery can be achieved by incorporating medicament in Chewing gum (CG) base because oral m...

Results from recent space missions, in particular Spitzer and Herschel, have lead to significant progress in our understanding of the formation and transport of water from clouds to disks, planetesimals, and planets. In this review, we provide the underpinnings for the basic molecular physics and chemistry of water and outline these advances in the context of water formation in space, its trans...

Hydrogels are three-dimensional materials that can withstand a great amount of water incorporation while maintaining integrity. This allows hydrogels to be very unique biomedical materials, especially for drug delivery. Much effort has been made to incorporate hydrophilic molecules in hydrogels in the field of drug delivery, while loading of hydrophobic drugs has not been vastly studied. Howeve...

Schirmer Engineering Corporation (Schirmer Engineering) was retained by The Fire Protection Research Foundation (FPRF) as a Project Consultant for the project titled “Data Needs for NFPA Automatic Sprinkler Committees.” This report investigates the NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems (2007 Edition) requirements for dry pipe systems having a maximum volume of 500 gallons ...

It is known that many potent, often aromatic drugs are water insoluble, which has hampered their use for disease treatment. In this work, we functionalized nanographene oxide (NGO), a novel graphitic material, with branched polyethylene glycol (PEG) to obtain a biocompatible NGO-PEG conjugate stable in various biological solutions, and used them for attaching hydrophobic aromatic molecules incl...

background: depression is a kind of sorrow that decreases the level of juiciness. most studies have maintained that psy­chological risk factors have the most profound effect on the development of postnatal depression (pnd). we compared the postnatal depression among the women with elective caesarean and vaginal delivery.  methods: this cross- sectional study was carried out on 120 women 1-4 mon...