In patients with cervical spine injuries, respiratory function requires careful attention. Voluntary respiratory control is usually possible with lesions below C4 level although paralysis of the abdominal musculature results in a decreased ability to cough and to clear secretions, which may later lead to respiratory insufficiency. Therefore, injuries above C5 usually necessitate long term mecha...

[Purpose] To evaluate pre-extubation variables and check the discriminative validity of age as well as its correlation with weaning failure in elderly patients. [Subjects and Methods] Two hundred thirty-nine consecutive patients (48% female) who were on mechanical ventilation and had undergone orotracheal intubation were divided into four subgroups according to their age: <59 years, 60-69 years...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in intestinal diseases; however, the role of miRNAs during weaning stress is unknown. In our study, six jejunal small RNA libraries constructed from weaning piglets at 1, 4 and 7 d after weaning (libraries W1, W4 and W7, respectively) and from suckling piglets on the same days as the weaning piglets (libraries S1, S4 and S7, respectively) were sequenced u...

INTRODUCTION The process of weaning may impose cardiopulmonary stress on ventilated patients. Heart-rate variability (HRV), a noninvasive tool to characterize autonomic function and cardiorespiratory interaction, may be a promising modality to assess patient capability during the weaning process. We aimed to evaluate the association between HRV change and weaning outcomes in critically ill pati...

Materials and methods: In Experiment One, 17 sows received equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG; 600 IU) intramuscularly (IM) at weaning, then 5 mg pLH IM 80 hours later to induce ovulation. Time of ovulation was determined using transrectal real-time ultrasonography. In Experiment Two, 567 sows were assigned to five treatments: no hormone treatments, AI AM and PM day 5 after weaning; eCG at wean...

INTRODUCTION Optimal management of mechanical ventilation and weaning requires dynamic and collaborative decision making to minimize complications and avoid delays in the transition to extubation. In the absence of collaboration, ventilation decision making may be fragmented, inconsistent, and delayed. Our objective was to describe the professional group with responsibility for key ventilation ...

Weaning from mechanical ventilation involves the reduction or withdrawal of ventilatory support in proportion to the patient's ability to sustain spontaneous ventilation. Protocolized weaning has been shown to reduce weaning duration; however, its weakness lies in the reliance on human intervention. Automated weaning is theoretically superior to manual weaning because of its ability to rapidly ...

The importance of birth-to-weaning average daily gain as a determinant of weight at a final age and yield of marketable pork was investigated. Treatments were imposed to create variation in birth-to-weaning ADG independent of birth weight. Newborn pigs were cross-fostered to create litters of four through 14 pigs/litter. Creep feed was offered to pigs from 5 d of age or during last 2 d before w...

The effects of dam previous reproductive status (PRS) on the pre-adjustment of weaning weight for genetic evaluation (WWT) was examined for Santa Gertrudis (SANTA), Brahman (BRAH) and Tropical Composite (TCOMP) breeds of beef cattle. Weaning weight records were classified into 3 groups according to the dam’s PRS: whether in the last year, she had reared a bull calf (PBC), a heifer calf (PHC) or...

BACKGROUND Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) is frequently used in preterm infants. However, there is no consensus on when and how to wean them from NCPAP. DATA SOURCES Based on recent publications, we have reviewed the criteria of readiness-to-wean and factors affecting weaning success. A special focus is placed on the methods of weaning from NCPAP in preterm infants. RESUL...