introduction: although patients do not experience sever pain after laparoscopic surgery, most of them experience acute or chronic pain afterward. while conventional pain killers including nsaid and narcotics in laparoscopic surgery have specific side effects, their application is inevitable. this study compares the efficacy of local anesthetic drugs and conventional pain killers in post-operati...

Exotic invasive plants present one of the greatest challenges to natural resource management. These weeds can alter entire communities and ecosystems, substantially degrading important ecosystem services such as forage for wild and domestic herbivores, water and soil quality, recreational values, and wildlife habitat. Traditionally, weed management in natural areas has focused on removing the t...

INTRODUCTION The Autonomous Platform and Information system (API, DIAS, Denmark) was used as tool for comparing two successful weed detection algorithms: the shape based weed recognition based on colour imaging developed at DIAS, Denmark, and the spectral weed detection system developed at the KULeuven, Belgium.