BACKGROUND In HIV-infected pregnant women, viral suppression prevents mother-to-child HIV transmission. Directly observed highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) enhances virological suppression, and could prevent transmission. Our objective was to project the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of directly observed administration of antiretroviral drugs in pregnancy. METHODS AND FINDIN...

background: cystic echinococcosis caused by the metacestode of echinococcus granulosus is a major problem in both humans and domestic animals health. there-fore, a standardized and approachable diagnostic tool (rapid tests) for the serodiag-nosis of cystic echinococcosis (ce) is still needed. methods: in the present work, antigen b labeled with gold nanoparticles was used to detect antibodies a...

this paper is to develop a knowledge management (km) model in some iranian academic research centers (arc) based on km critical success factors. general km critical success factors (csf) were identified through literature review. then the research procedure led to the identification of km critical success factors in iranian arcs including 16 different factors. it was done through first stage su...

The electrostatic interaction between two capacitively coupled, series-connected metal double dots is studied at low temperatures. Experiment shows that when the Coulomb blockade is lifted, by applying appropriate gate biases, in both double dots simultaneously, the conductance through each double dot becomes significantly lower than when only one double dot is conducting a current. The conduct...

Conventional digital halftoning approaches function by modulating either the dot size [amplitude modulation (AM)] or the dot density [frequency modulation (FM)]. Generally, AM halftoning methods have the advantage of low computation and good print stability, while FM halftoning methods typically have higher spatial resolution and resistance to moiré artifacts. In this paper, we present a new cl...