OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of a re-wetting agent on the microtensile bond strengths (mTBS) of primary and permanent dentin after acid or laser etching. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve permanent and 12 primary molar teeth were ground to expose an occlusal dentin surface. Each group teeth were randomly divided into groups; I-II: 37% phosphoric acid etching with/without re-wetting...

Reclaimed water is an important supplementary source for fresh water. Purification is necessary prior to utilization in order to minimize the pollution and human-health risk. A three-year experiment was carried out to study the removal of nitrogen and organics through a simulated soil aquifer treatment (SAT) system under continuous wetting and wetting/drying conditions. The removal performance ...

Wetting phenomena are ubiquitous in nature and play key functions in various industrial processes and products. When a gas bubble encounters an oil droplet in an aqueous medium, it can experience either partial wetting or complete engulfment by the oil. Each of these morphologies can have practical benefits, and controlling the morphology is desirable for applications ranging from particle synt...

Ultrasonic guided wave methods are being widely explored for inspection of large structural areas using a sparse array of surface-mounted transducers. However, structural health monitoring (SHM) with guided waves can be problematic because variable operational conditions can significantly affect the measured ultrasonic signals. Although homogeneous temperature variations have been well-research...

Despite the dominance of microorganisms in arid soils, the structures and functional dynamics of microbial communities in hot deserts remain largely unresolved. The effects of wetting event frequency and intensity on Namib Desert microbial communities from two soils with different water-regime histories were tested over 36 days. A total of 168 soil microcosms received wetting events mimicking f...

Consider a two-dimensional capped capillary pore formed by capping two parallel planar walls with a third wall orthogonal to the two planar walls. This system reduces to a slit pore sufficiently far from the capping wall and to a single planar wall when the side walls are far apart. Not surprisingly, wetting of capped capillaries is related to wetting of slit pores and planar walls. For example...

We discuss wetting layers in phase-separated colloid-polymer mixtures adsorbed at a vertical wall, observed in recent laser scanning confocal microscopy experiments. Matching of colloid and solvent dielectric properties renders van der Waals forces negligible and provides a system governed by short-range forces and thermal fluctuations on which the subtle predictions of renormalization group (R...

*Correspondence: Benjamin C. Church, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA e-mail: [email protected] Controlling the wettability between the porous electrode and the electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries can improve both the manufacturing process and the electrochemical performance of the cell. The wetting rate, which is the electrolyte transport ra...

Waterproof and self-cleaning surfaces continue to attract much attention as they can be instrumental in various different technologies. Such surfaces are typically rough, allowing liquids to contact only the outermost tops of their asperities, with air being entrapped underneath. The formed solid-liquid-air interface is metastable and, hence, can be forced into a completely wetted solid surface...