Writing assistance systems, from simple spelling checkers to more complex grammar and readability analyzers, can be helpful aids to nonnative writers of English. However, many writing assistance systems have two disadvantages. First, they are not designed to encourage skills learning and independence in their users; instead, users may begin to use the system as a crutch. Second, they use a “one...

The study of the axiological problems in literary studies is a fundamental direction of modern Russian Philology. In this paper, we will first conside, the search process for the orientations of values of Russian writers of the classical period of Russian literature in the 19th century; and second, the spiritual themselves foundations as ideological constants of the writers. The pursuit of Russ...

Earlier research has empirically demonstrated the cyclic nature of virus writing activity: as virus writers “age out”, new virus writers take their places. Enhanced connectivity amplifies the existing problem and various technical factors result in new types of virus writers surfacing as the cycle repeats. However, a new variable has recently been introduced into the cycle: high profile legal i...

It is well established that two marks of silent chromatin, DNA methylation and histone H3 methylation at lysine 9, engage in an epigenetic conversation. In a recent issue of Genes & Development, Smallwood et al. (2007) report that the mammalian HP1 adaptor "translates" methylation information from histone to DNA, helping to cement epigenetic expression states.