the purpose of the present study is to develop appropriate scoring scales for each of the defined stages of the writing process, and also to determine to what extent these scoring scales can reliably and validly assess the performances of efl learners in an academic writing task. two hundred and two students’ writing samples were collected after a step-by-step process oriented essay writing ins...

Mastering writing has always proved an almost insurmountable barrier to EFL learners. In an attempt to alleviate problems advanced EFL learners have with writing, this study aimed at investigating the effect of scaffolded instruction through writing frames constructed from extended prefabricated lexical bundles. 40 female advanced English students, selected out of a population of 65, were rando...

abstract the present study was an attempt to investigate the relationship between efl learners’ anxiety and writing complexity. for the purpose of the study, 70 female learners, between 17 and 24 years old (mean=20) from najm language school in tehran participated in the study. the participants’ level of anxiety was measured using horwitz, horwitz, and cope’s anxiety questionnaire (1986) and th...

The Research was aimed at finding out the effects of the implementation of writing feedback techniques and students’ writing anxiety on students’ writing ablity. Experimental method of 3x2 factorial design was employed in the research. There were three experimental groups of students who were taught by using teacher feedback, peer feedback and the combination of peer and teacher feedback writin...

Experiments and simulations are used to elucidate a new class of chemical reactions occurring near the tip-sample interface during high field chemistry of diphenylgermane. Current data during writing and bias dependent growth rate are analyzed, supplemented with data from ionization mass spectrometry, and compared with the simulation results.

T ouch is an action that allows your body to feel something outside it, to perceive the size, shape, texture, temperature, and hardness or softness of the object or being. As a sensation, it is about what happens inside of the person touching. Touch is also a force however light or firm, painful or delightful , that affects the creature being touched. It can convey feelings and meaning. It may ...

this study aims to examine the strategies utilized by eleven postgraduate students in an efl university context in their attempts to acquire the textual practices of their discipline. first- and second-year ma students, one ph.d. student as well as individuals who had completed their ma programs in tefl took part in interviews in order to elicit the strategies they used when they endeavored to ...

Abstract In Iran, most English teachers’ method of teaching writing is merely to have students do some writing exercises or simply to give them writing tests without any instruction, but writing is not an easy task for students, and teachers should be able to do more to facilitate their students’ writing. One of the ways to aid writing is dynamic assessment via graduated prompt. The graduated p...

The history of Brazilian neuropsychology is traced at different neuropsycholinguistic stages with a focus on the importance of sociocultural factors. We first focus on language disorders, the sequelae of injuries in the left hemisphere, and neuropsychology restricted to the medical field in Europe, the United States, and Brazil. In the middle of the last century, attention to the interdisciplin...

introduction: the number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in iran has increased significantly in recent years. writing these articles based on internationally accepted guidelines is one of the most important factors effective on their structural quality. this study aimed to assess the abstract of iranian systematic reviews and meta-analyses indexed in scopus. methods: this stud...