An introduction to various topics in neutrino astrophysics is given for students with little prior exposure to this field. We explain neutrino production and propagation in stars, neutrino oscillations, and experimental searches for this effect. We also touch upon the cosmological role of neutrinos. A number of exercises is also included.

Good morning, Madam Chairwoman, and members of the Subcommittee. My name is Tracy Collier, I am the Director of the Environmental Conservation Division, in the Northwest Fisheries Science Center of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce. Research conducted within my Division focuses on the effe...

30 Purpose/ Content (K) Paper has no purpose. No hypothesis/thesis is evident. Paragraphs do not support purpose throughout paper. Purpose is weak or unclear in four or more paragraphs. Paragraphs do not support purpose in 75% or more of paper. Thesis/hypothesis fails to assert idea. Purpose is fairly clear but lost in two or more paragraphs. Support for purpose is unrelated in at least two or ...

By “generic” we mean stable singularities (intersections), which cannot be reduced by adding small perturbations to the functions/data. That is, what kind and how many configurations are possible such that small changes in the shape of regions near the intersection point do not/cannot reduce the number of regions meeting at a single point. The term “small changes” is somewhat ambiguous in this ...

T he first British guidelines for the management of asthma in adults published in 1990 clearly recommended self-management of asthma. The exact statement read: ‘‘As far as possible, patients should be trained to manage their own treatment rather than be required to consult their doctor before making changes’’. Similar advice has been repeated in subsequent revisions of the UK guidelines and in ...

This study is a typological description of written formative feedback in an EFL context in Iran. Twenty M.A. students of TEFL participated in the study. They were required to summarize a scholarly article in each session on which the instructor would provide written corrective feedback (CF). Written formative comments were extracted, coded, and categorized into various types, such as asking for...