Using a modified Humphrey perimeter, we evaluated 16 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma and visual field loss (defects 0.5-3.0 log units in depth), and 14 normal eyes. Each eye was tested twice in random order with conventional luminance-increment static perimetry and with the perimeter modified to produce a high-luminance yellow adapting background and a blue test stimulus. The background w...

abstract iris yellow spot virus (iysv) is one of the important pathogens of onion in reported countries. host range of this virus is very wide and transmitted by onion thrips (thrips tabaci). in survey that was conducted in summer 2006 in onion fields of mashhad, samples with viral symptoms and high population of thrips have been collected. since the symptoms were similar to iysv, special antis...

abstract to study virulence and molecular polymorphism variation of puccinia striiformis westend. f.sp.tritici eriks. (yellow rust disease agent) in iran, 86 isolates were collected from all around the country. race determination was carried out according to johnson et al. (1972) method. in addition, isolates were analyzed by aflp method by four primer combinations . according to the results of...

abstract in october 2009, in one of the alstroemeria (alatroemeria sp.) greenhouses, located in khorasan razavi province, tospovirus-like symptoms (necrosis) were observed on stems, petioles, flowers and leaves of some plants. sap extracts from these plants were mechanically inoculated to indicator plants. necrotic local lesions were observed on petunia hybrida and chenopodium quinoa. necrotic ...

background and objectives: isolation of xanthomonas campestris from soil has a wide range of applications from monitoring of phytopathogenic populations in soil to screening of improved xanthan-producing strains. identification of xanthomonas campestris and its pathovars requires pathogenicity tests in addition to phenotypic and molecular characterization. materials and methods: thirty phenotyp...

rust diseases continue to cause significant losses to wheat production around the world. among them, yellow rust caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici is an important disease that threatens wheat production in most cool environments. host resistance, especially race- nonspecific resistance, is the most economical way to manage wheat stripe rust disease. in this study, the effectiveness ...

BACKGROUND Yellow cattle and water buffalo are two of the most important natural hosts for Schistosoma japonicum in China. Previous observation has revealed that yellow cattle are more suited to the development of S. japonicum than water buffalo. Understanding more about the molecular mechanisms involved in worm development, as well as the pathological and immunological differences between yell...

SYNOPSIS The statement made in some standard textbooksthatBenedict'squalitativetestgivesa green, yellow, or orange-red precipitate with pure solutions of glucose of varying strength has been shown to be incorrect. Pure solutions ofglucose give only a bright red precipitate at all concentrations. These changes in the colour of the suspensions are observed with urinary glucose only. The differenc...

abstract in order to study the effects of irrigation regimes and plant spacing on bulb yield of two onion (allium cepa l.) genotypes, an experiment was conducted at kabootar abad research station of isfahan during two growing seasons (2005 and 2006). the experiment design was split-factorial with a randomized complete block arrangement with four replications. main plots included three irrigatio...

Brazil has reported 921 suspected cases of yellow fever since December, the highest number in decades, prompting concerns of a major resurgence of this old enemy as health authorities see signs of a slow start to Brazil’s second Zika season. Yellow fever is a mosquito-borne flavivirus—a cousin to dengue, Zika, and West Nile virus. Once the scourge of the British Empire, it also devastated Napol...