UNLABELLED Summary Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), the most economically important virus of small grains, features highly specialised relationships with its aphid vectors, a plethora of novel translation mechanisms mediated by long-distance RNA interactions, and an ambiguous taxonomic status. The structural and movement proteins of BYDV that confer aphid transmission and phloem-limitation pro...

Phytochrome is thought to control the induction of leaf senescence directly, however, the signalling and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, an ecophysiological approach was used to establish a functional connection between phytochrome signalling and the physiological processes underlying the induction of leaf senescence in response to shade. With shade it is important to...

To cite: Campos MA, Santos A. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2016218758 DESCRIPTION Retronychia is the term used for proximal ingrowth of the nail and was first described by De Berker and Rendall in 1999. It frequently affects women (∼82%), and the great toes are the most common location. The most frequent trigger is (micro) trauma. With trauma th...

abstract beet yellows virus (byv), the type member of the genus closterovirus and one of the most economically important yellowing viruses, causes serious losses in sugarbeet. in order to study infection and distribution of beet yellows virus during summer 2007, about 530 samples were collected from beet’s fields in razavi khorasan province (fariman, torbate jam, ghoochan, chenaran, torbate hey...

EVERAL chlorophyll-deficient mutants in maize display traits which resemble mineral-deficiency symptoms in genetically normal plants (BELL 1963). The present investigation involves a recently discovered trait in maize which resembles those symptoms resulting from nitrogen deficiency. The mutant, called lutes scent^' (BELL 1964) because of its resemblance to the lutescent tomato mutant (RICK and...

The tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is a bipartite begomovirus (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) that was originally isolated in India, but has become serious threat to various horticultural crops the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, East Middle East, and western Mediterranean Basin. In Basin, ToLCNDV caused huge economic damage cucurbit (cucumber, melon, squash, zucchini...

during spring and summer of 2010 and 2012, several surveys were conducted in different vineyards in kohgiluyeh & boyer-ahmad (southwestern iran) and kerman (southeastern iran) provinces, with the aim of isolating and identifying fungi associated with grapevine decline diseases. the samples collected comprised diseased grapevines showing yellowing, defoliation, reduced growth, wilting, intervein...