This study was undertaken in response to the growing public concern about the rise of drug use among females. The reasons for this rise are partly connected to the overall rise in psychotropic drug use and can be understood at two distinct levels. At one level, these drugs have become embedded in the global and local youth and music culture. In part, the global youth scene has greatly impacted ...

Recent policy discussions have proposed government-guaranteed jobs, including for youth. One key potential benefit of youth employment is a reduction in criminal justice contact. Prior work on summer programs has documented little-to-no effect the program crime during but found decreases violent and other serious crimes among “at-risk” year or two after program. We add to this picture by studyi...

This paper evaluates and compares the direct effects of two Swedish active labour market programmes for youth, namely youth practice and labour market training. Effectiveness of the programmes is measured by subsequent annual earnings, re-employment probability, and probability of regular education. A non-parametric matching approach based on conditional independence assumption is applied to es...

This article examines two primary data sets to identify the effect of Covid-19 pandemic on different sectors and vulnerable populations in Bangladesh. It attempts how trends such as agriculture, ready-made garments (RMGs), education, employment among youth, women’s participation have changed due compared pre-Covid-19 levels. The results show that agriculture RMG demonstrated resilience sustaine...

This study was examined to investigate the impact of environmental poverty on the criminal behavior of young people in marginal areas. The population of this study included all the youths in the marginalized schools of Isfahan. Sampling was done randomly. The sample size includes 358 students in marginalized areas. For youth with high PC, significant factors included high levels of attitudes to...

The present study attempts to examine the factors contributing to modernism of the youth in Shoshtar city. In the research the degree of modernism and the relationship between education, job status, the use of mass media, social and economic status and the degree of faith were evaluated. The data were collected through a questionnaire. The population was all the youth in Shoshtar 400 people wer...

This article presents a critical assessment of the application the Youth Guarantee programme, oriented toward young people under age 30, in Spain from 2013 to 2018. It analyses effectiveness programme enrolment and coverage classified as “NEETs” (not employment, education or training), the adaptation catalogue proposed measures to young people’s reality, whether not these measures have ...

Youth is one of the vulnerable groups in labor market Kazakhstan. Low professional training, lack necessary knowledge and skills, unwillingness many employers to hire workers without work experience high qualifications are main barriers youth employment. Kazakhstan implementing a number government measures involve young people educational activities. One such tool internships, which allow recen...

introduction census data of iran show that about 68.5% (1956) to 29% (2011) of rural population has decreased over the past half-century. rural population has rapidly declined over the last half century and is influenced by several factors, one of which is rural- urban migration. although the percentage of rural to urban migration (20%) and urban to rural one (17%) from 1996 to 2006 show less d...