Researchers examining injection drug users (IDUs) in drug treatment have been trying for decades to determine the optimal way to intervene to prevent the transmission and spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in this population. Although efficacious HIV risk reduction interventions are widely available, questions remain about what specific factors are most related to HIV risk behavior an...

OBJECTIVE To examine the direct and mediated relationships between religious coping, spirituality, social developmental factors, and violence among high-risk and gang-involved youth in a high-crime, Latin American country. METHODS Using a community sample of 290 high-risk and gang-involved youth in San Salvador, El Salvador, structural equation modeling was employed to examine the relationshi...

BACKGROUND We examined the association of cardiorespiratory fitness and fatness with health complaints and health risk behaviors in 691 (323 girls) Spanish children aged 6 to 17.9. METHODS Health complaints and health risk behaviors were self-reported using items of the Health Behavior in School-aged Children questionnaire. Weight and height were measured and body mass index was computed. Car...

I provide a brief commentary on the brilliant accompanying study of Nikolas et al. concerning risky bicyclist-automobile behavior in ADHD and typical youth. The sophistication of the simulator and procedures and the number and precision of measurements are remarkable and afford us an excellent glimpse into the specific mechanisms by which previously documented injury risk in such natural settin...

The current study employed a quasi-experimental design using both intent-to-treat and protocol adherence analysis of 155 moderate- to high-risk juvenile offenders to evaluate the effectiveness of Parenting with Love and Limits® (PLL), an integrative group and family therapy approach. Youth completing PLL had significantly lower rates of recidivism than the comparison group. Parents also reporte...

Conflict between parents and adolescents involves reciprocal exchanges in which family members influence and shape each other's behavior. This study uses multilevel path analysis to examine interrelations in observed behavior during 15-min conflict discussions conducted by 103 family triads, looking specifically at parent coercive and youth avoidant behaviors. We also explore the moderating rol...

PURPOSE The present review summarizes the updated literature on the social aspects of suicidal behavior and prevention in adolescents. RECENT FINDINGS The predictive role of psychiatric disorders and past history are well recognized in adolescent suicide, but the role of social and cultural factors is less clear. Studies have focused on the importance of ethnicity, gender, family characterist...

This study examined the impact of the Family Check-Up (FCU) and linked intervention services on reducing health-risk behaviors and promoting social adaptation among middle school youth. A total of 593 students and their families were randomly assigned to receive either the intervention or middle school services as usual. Forty-two percent of intervention families engaged in the service and rece...

objective: the purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of project respect in reducing sexual risk behaviors of male to female transgender patients. methods: in an interventional, quasi-experimental and case-control study, 30 transgenderpatients (male to female) with high-risk sexual behaviors were selected and divided into two experimental and control groups. transgender...