In this article we present a hardware solution for finite field arithmetic with application in asymmetric cryptography. It supports calculation in GF (p) as well as in GF (2). Addition and multiplication with interleaved modular reduction are the main functionality of the unit. Additional functions—like shift operations and integer incrementation—allow the calculation of the multiplicative inve...

Logic design for security application requires the use of specific encoding and higher radix elements thus implying an additional level of abstraction – a component level which is subsequently mapped into a gate level netlist. Implementation of particular components can be made in different ways, however RTL-based design of the multi-valued logic components is of more practical interest as it b...

The Luby Transform (LT) codes are the first practical realization of fountain codes. LT codes were designed for efficient use over erasure channels. However, the degree distributions designed for the Binary Erasure Channel (BEC), such as the Robust Soliton Distribution (RSD) which are asymptotically and universally optimal over the BEC, are not optimal over noisy channels. Research has been don...

Given a bicircular matroid B(G) and q ∈ {4, 5}, we characterize when the bicircular matroid B(G) is GF (q)-representable by precisely describing the structure of G. These descriptions yield polynomial-time algorithms with input G to certify if B(G) is or is not GF (q)-representable.

Androgen-responsive (SC-3) and -unresponsive (SC-4) cloned cell lines in culture were established from an androgen-responsive mouse mammary tumor, Shionogi carcinoma 115. By using a serum-free medium [Hani's F-12:Kagle's minimum essential medium (1:1, v/v) containing 0.1% bo vine serum albumin), characteristics of androgen-induced and autonomous growth factors (GFs) were examined. Serum-free co...

It is challenging to integrate porous graphene foam (GF) and GF-based nanocomposites into microfluidic channels and even create microfluidic structures within these materials. This is because their irregular interior pore shape and geometry, rough exterior surface, and relatively large material thickness make it difficult to perform conventional photolithography and etching. This challenge has ...

Fluid intelligence (Gf) refers to the ability to reason and to solve new problems independently of previously acquired knowledge. Gf is critical for a wide variety of cognitive tasks, and it is considered one of the most important factors in learning. Moreover, Gf is closely related to professional and educational success, especially in complex and demanding environments. Although performance o...

Glued(1) (Gl(1)) mutants produce a truncated protein that acts as a poison subunit and disables the cytoplasmic retrograde motor dynein. Heterozygous mutants have axonal defects in the adult eye and the nervous system. Here we show that selective expression of the poison subunit in neurons of the giant fiber (GF) system disrupts synaptogenesis between the GF and one of its targets, the tergotro...

For f ∈ H2, let Gf := {g ∈ zH : f + g ∈ L∞ and Tf+g is hyponormal}. In 1988, C. Cowen posed the following question: If g ∈ Gf is such that λ g / ∈ Gf (all λ ∈ C, |λ| > 1), is g an extreme point of Gf ? In this note we answer this question in the negative. At the same time, we obtain a general sufficient condition for the answer to be affirmative; that is, when f ∈ H∞ is such that rankHf < ∞.