Increased blood levels of the eotaxin chemokine C-C motif ligand 11 (CCL11) in aging were recently shown to negatively regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis. How circulating CCL11 could affect the central nervous system (CNS) is not clear, but one possibility is that it can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Here, we show that CCL11 undergoes bidirectional transport across the BBB. Transpor...

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays critical roles in the maintenance of central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. Dysfunction of the BBB occurs in a number of CNS diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). A prevailing hypothesis in the AD field is the amyloid cascade hypothesis that states that amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in the CNS initiates a cascade of molecular events that cause neurodeg...

We set up a real entropy function $h_\Bbb{R}$ on the space $\mathcal{M}'_d$ of M\"obius conjugacy classes rational maps degree $d$ by assigning to each class representative $f\in\Bbb{R}(z)$; namely, topological its restriction $f\restriction_{\hat{\Bbb{R}}}$ circle. prove rigidity result stating that is locally constant subspace determined quasi-conformally conjugate $f$. As examples this resul...

Eukaryotic pathogens display multiple mechanisms for breaching the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and invading the central nervous system (CNS). Of the fungal spp., that cause disease in mammals, only some cross brain microvascular endothelial cells which constitute the BBB, and invade the brain. Cryptococcus neoformans, the leading cause of fungal meningoencephalitis, crosses the BBB directly by tr...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Although bundle branch block (BBB) is regarded as a frequent finding, data on its prevalence are scarce in the general population and nonexistent in patients on dialysis. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of complete BBB in patients starting dialysis, to identify factors associated with its presence and, secondarily, to explore its association w...

Sadiq, M. W. 2012. In Vivo Active Drug Uptake and Efflux at the Blood-Brain Barrier: With Focus on Drug Transport Interactions. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Pharmacy 165. 50 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 978-91-554-8472-9. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) controls the movement of substances into and out of the brain. The tight jun...

Growth hormone (GH) therapy is associated with improved neurobehavior, leading to the question whether GH crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) from blood after its release there from the pituitary, or whether GH exerts CNS effects by secondary mediators, particularly insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1. GH release from the pituitary is controlled not only by hypothalamic factors, but also by gh...

Ongoing interest in brain ischemia research has provided data showing that ischemia may be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. Brain ischemia in the rat produces a stereotyped pattern of selective neuronal degeneration, which mimics early Alzheimer disease pathology. The objective of this study was to further develop and characterize cardiac arrest model in rats, which provides p...

During the past several years, there has been increasing interest in the role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in epilepsy. Advances in neuroradiology have enhanced our ability to image and study the human cerebrovasculature, and further developments in the research of metabolic deficiencies linked to seizure disorders (e.g., GLUT1 deficiency), neuroinflammation, and multiple drug resistance to...

Over 20 years ago, the Sadowski group separated two mouse lines, one with high (HA) and the other with low (LA) sensitivity to swim stress-induced analgesia (SSIA). Recently, we proposed that increased leakage of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the HA line created the difference in the response to SSIA. To search for further evidence for this hypothesis, differences in the levels of the BBB pr...