Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). However, exactly how tTG modulates the structural and functional properties of alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) and contributes to the pathogenesis of PD remains unknown. Using site-directed mutagenesis combined with detailed biophysical and mass spectrometry analyses, we sought to identify the exact res...

Differentiating clinically between Parkinson's disease (PD) and the atypical parkinsonian syndromes of Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal syndrome (CBS) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) is challenging but crucial for patient management and recruitment into clinical trials. Because PD (and the related disorder Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)) and MSA are characterised by the dep...

Chiral primary-tertiary diamine/TfOH was found to catalyze kinetic resolution of racemic syn-aldols of cyclohexanones in ionic liquid effectively, affording the chiral syn-aldols with up to 99:1 syn/anti and 99% ee.

The significance of α-synuclein (α-syn) phosphorylation to Parkinson disease (PD) pathology has been controversial since the initial identification of this posttranslational modification in intracellular Lewy bodies (1, 2). The modification of serine-129 (S129), which appears to be the most common phosphorylation site on α-syn (3, 4), has had the focus of attention. Although several different k...

A one-pot synthesis of enantiomerically pure syn-1,3-diacetates starting from readily accessible racemic diastereomeric mixtures of 1,3-diols has been realized by combining (i) enzymatic transesterification, (ii) ruthenium-catalyzed epimerization of a secondary alcohol in a diol or diol monoacetate, and (iii) intramolecular acyl migration in a syn-1,3-diol monoacetate. The in situ coupling of t...

Serum anti-/pro-inflammatory molecules such as adiponectin, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, and metabolic syndrome (Met Syn) features in 15 android obese (6 Met Syn and 9 non-Met Syn) subjects were assessed during an 8-week weight control program. The results showed that the body mass index, weight, lean body mass, triglyceride, total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and TNF-α in...

The influence of Synovex-S (SYN) ear implant (200 mg progesterone and 20 mg estradiol benzoate) and Somavubove (SbV) recombinant bovine growth hormone (.1 mg/kg BW i.m., daily) on live animal performance, tissue growth, and the partitioning of energy gain was determined using a slaughter-balance protocol with 25 young MARC II x (Angus-Hereford crossbred) beef steers (initial BW 182 +/- 1.8 kg)....

The normal functions and pathologic facets of the small presynaptic protein α-synuclein (α-syn) are of exceptional interest. In previous studies, we found that α-syn attenuates synaptic exo/endocytosis; however, underlying mechanisms remain unknown. More recent evidence suggests that α-syn exists as metastable multimers and not solely as a natively unfolded monomer. However, conformations of α-...

α-Synuclein (α-syn) plays a prominent role in the degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, only a few studies on α-syn have been performed in the mDA neurons in vivo, which may be attributed to a lack of α-syn transgenic mice that develop PD-like severe degeneration of mDA neurons. To gain mechanistic insights into the α-syn-induced mDA neurodege...

By applying a combined QM and QTAIM atomistic computational approach we have established for the first time that the G·A(syn) and A*·G*(syn) DNA mismatches (rare tautomers are marked with an asterisk), causing spontaneous transversions with substantially various probabilities, radically differ from each other in their ability to tautomerise through the double proton transfer (DPT). The A*·G*(sy...