This paper reviews medium access control (MAC), an enabling technology in wireless sensor networks. MAC protocols control how sensors access a shared radio channel to communicate with neighbors. Battery-powered wireless sensor networks with many nearby nodes challenge traditional MAC design. This paper discusses design trade-offs with an emphasis on energy efficiency. It classifies existing MAC...

In this article we present RNET MAC a novel MAC protocol to be used in wireless ATM (WATM) environments. The MAC protocol features a distributed control for media access. Therefore RNET MAC ts well for spontaneous network setups and frequent network con guration changes. We discuss some design options and show basic performance results of RNET MAC in di erent network scenarios such as fully mes...

We discuss the security of Message Authentication Code (MAC) schemes from the viewpoint of differential attack, and propose an attack that is effective against DES-MAC and FEAL-MAC. The attack derives the secret authentication key in the chosen plaintext scenario. For example, DES(8-round)-MAC can be broken with 2 pairs of plaintext, while FEAL8-MAC can be broken with 2 pairs. The proposed atta...

In this article we present RNET MAC-a novel MAC protocol to be used in wireless ATM (WATM) environments. The MAC protocol features a distributed control for media access. Therefore RNET MAC ts well for spontaneous network setups and frequent network connguration changes. We discuss some design options and show basic performance results of RNET MAC in diierent network scenarios such as fully mes...

BACKGROUND In allograft rejection, recipient leukocytes and alloantibodies first target donor endothelial cells. Although the leukocyte integrin Mac-1 (alpha(Mbeta2), CD11b/CD18) facilitates cell-cell interactions among leukocytes and interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells or platelets, its role in allograft survival and vasculopathy is incompletely defined. METHODS AND RESULTS...

The Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), an intracellular pathogen of cells of the macrophage lineage, often clinically coexists with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV). It was shown previously that coinfection of the monocytoid cell line U937 with HIV and MAC results in the enhancement of HIV replication. To determine whether MAC-mediated HIV upregulation is due to the exposure of intact ...

In-band full-duplex communication offers significant potential to enhance network performance. This paper presents the linear transmit delay allocation MAC (FD-LTDA-MAC) protocol for based underwater acoustic chain networks (FD-UACNs) subsea pipeline monitoring. incorporates a number of extensions LTDA-MAC in order fully exploit advantages efficiency facility The uses greedy optimisation algori...

Three-dimensional (3D) aggregation of graphene is dramatically weak and brittle due primarily to the prevailing interlayer van der Waals interaction. In this report, motivated by recent success in synthesis monolayer amorphous carbon (MAC) sheets, we demonstrate that outstanding strength large plastic-like strain can be achieved layered 3D MAC composites. Both surface roughening ultracompliant ...